1. UNDERSTANDING VINYL ESTER AND EPOXY TANK LINING PROPERTIES FOR THE POWER INDUSTRY: TIPS FOR OWNERS

2. Permeation Protection Temperature Resistance Chemical Resistance
Outline
Permeation Protection
Temperature Resistance
Chemical Resistance
Abrasion Resistance
Film Thickness
Flexibility / Elongation

3. Labor / Application Considerations
Outline
Adhesion
Cure
Material Pricing
Labor / Application Considerations

4. OVERVIEW
The process of burning fossil fuels to generate electricity creates many corrosive environments including storage of corrosive chemicals, containing chemical and dewatering processes, and transfer of gasses, liquids, and solids many of which are elevated temperatures.
This presentation deals with defining and evaluating some of the variables associated with the selection of the proper epoxy or vinyl ester based materials for the protection of the power producers’ assets.

5. Permeation Protection
Barrier coatings – remove the electrolyte bridge from the corrosion process
Permeation
Definition - Permeation is the penetration of a permeate (liquid, gas, or vapor) through a solid.
Role in corrosion
Measurement by ASTM E-96
Application factors that effect permeation
Coatings characteristics that effect permeation

6. Temperature Resistance
Glass Transition - Tg
Maximum Temperature Resistance
Dry
Immersion (water)
Chemical
Specific Considerations

7. Chemical Resistance Is a function of the lining base chemistry
Average Molecular Weight
Degree of cross linking
Data should be obtained from manufacturer
General lining chemistry can be researched through generic chemical resistance tables
Temperature dependent
Caution should be used in evaluating mixtures and/or the effect of sunlight

8. Abrasion Resistance ASTM D4060 – Taber testing Abrasion variables
Comparing “Apples to Apples”
Wheel
Weight
Revolutions
Evaluating the results
Abrasion variables
Type of solids
Amount of solids

9. Abrasion Resistance A function of the polymer’s strength Additives
Ceramic Linings
Reinforcements

10. Film Thickness Effect of Physical Performance Return on investment
Permeation performance
Abrasion performance
Flexibility
Return on investment
Minimum to function
No appreciable improvement

11. Flexibility / Elongation
The importance is a function of the application
Vinyl Ester vs. Epoxy
Exceptions
Tests for Tensile Properties
ASTM D638
ASTM D882

12. Adhesion Adhesion – Bond strength Stress Factors Tests
Thermal Coefficient of expansion
Physical Forces
Tests
ASTM D4541 – Steel
ASTM D Concrete

13. Cure Materials cure through polymerization (chemical reaction)
Dry vs. Cure
Recoat
Time to final cure
Ambient/Forced Cure
Environmental Effects
Temperature
Moisture
Oxygen
Sunlight

14. Material Price Evaluation of the price of material
$’s/gallon
Percent solids
Coverage rates
Life Cycle Evaluation
Expected life of equipment
Number of applications
Cost of application
Cost of down time
Cost of Access

15. Labor / Application Considerations
Man Power
Man Power Loading
Skill Requirements
Material Factors
Number of coats
Complexity
Application Methods
Value / Cost

16. Conclusion
Epoxy and Vinyl Ester chemistry has been used to formulate a wide range of coatings and linings to successfully perform in a number of very different environments.
In order to achieve this performance there are variables to be considered when trying to match the right coating to your application.
Proper research into the application’s requirements and coating/lining’s properties should be made before specifying the product(s) to be used.

17. Questions??

18. Thank you