1. QUASI FEDERATION

2. INTRODUCTION
Prof. K. C Wheare calls Indian Polity as Quasi Federal

3. INDIA DOES NOT STRICTLY CONFORM TO THE FEDERAL FEATURES
Dual citizenship
Parallel system of Judiciary
Rigidity of Constitution

4. The Constitution of India has following federal features
Double Govt.
Separation of powers
Written constitution
Distinction between constitution and ordinary law

5. INDIAN SYSTEM CONTAINS FOLLOWING UNITARY FEATURES
Central govt can send directions to the state govt.
The governors are to be appointed by the President
Parliament may change the boundaries of any state
Centre enjoys the residuary powers
Centre even has control over the state list
Laws passed by the state legislatures may be reserved for the consideration of the President
Central Reserve Police force
States have to seek grants from the union

6. INDIAN SYSTEM CONTAINS FOLLOWING UNITARY FEATURES
Failure of constitutional machinery in the state President assume all the powers
Financial emergency
Single citizenship
Single judicial system
All India services