1. World War I and the Russian Revolution (1914–1924)
Lesson 1 World War I Begins

2. World War I and the Russian Revolution (1914–1924)
Topic 10 Lesson 1 World War I Begins
Learning Objectives
Describe how imperialism, nationalism, and militarism pushed Europe closer to war.
Identify the key event that sparked World War I.
Trace how the alliance system drew nations into the war.

3. World War I and the Russian Revolution (1914–1924)
Topic 10 Lesson 1 World War I Begins
Key Terms
entente
militarism,
Alsace and Lorraine
ultimatum,
mobilize,
Neutrality

4. European Powers Form Alliances
Nations Form Alliances
Alliances are created so no one will attack them, 2 will form
The Triple Alliance
Germany will ally with Italy and Austria Hungary. Russia was a part but William II will not continue the alliance that Bismarck started
The Triple Entente
France and Russia sign a secret treaty in 1893
1904 France and Britain sign an Entente
Later on Britain and Russia will also sign an Entente
Other Alliances
Germany signs a treaty with the Ottoman Empire
1867 Britain signs treaty with Belgium to protect neutrality
Italy has secret treaty with France not to attack it
Russia has treaty with Serbia
Britain has ties with Japan

5. European Powers Form Alliances
The first Olympics of the modern era, held in Athens in 1896, represented a hope for a more peaceful world. The opening ceremony is shown here.

6. Major Causes of World War I
Economic and Imperial Rivalry
Britain was threatened by Germany’s rapid economic growth
Germany felt disrespected by everyone else
France and Germany had issues in Morocco leading to Germany gaining territory in Africa but France and England strengthened ties
Militarism and the Arms Race
The great powers start building up their military
Germany builds up its navy because of colonies makes Britain increase theirs as well
Newspapers will stir national public opinion against rival countries
Tensions will grow
Nationalism
Austria is afraid that different minorities will rise up and declare independence. Russia supports Slavs, including Serbia a Slav state
1912 Balkan states will fight Turkey and take away land from them, they will fight each other for it the next year.

7. Major Causes of World War I
A Parisian newspaper presented this view of imperialism. The caption says “France freely gives Morocco civilization, peace, and wealth.” Hypothesize Who might have opposed this viewpoint? Why?

8. Major Causes of World War I
Analyze Data According to this infographic, which country had the most soldiers? Which country had the largest navy?

9. The Balkan Powder Keg Explodes
Archduke Francis Ferdinand Is Assassinated
Francis is assassinated by Serbian nationalist/terrorists in Sarajevo
Austria Declares War on Serbia
Germany will tell Austria to make demands to find out who is responsible. Germany will back them up
Austria will send an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia will agree to all but one point, allowing Austrian troops in Serbian territory. Austria will take that as refusing the ultimatum. On July 28, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia

10. The Balkan Powder Keg Explodes
Interpret What does this medal from the Serbian nationalist organization the Black Hand suggest about the nature of the organization?

11. The Alliance System Leads to War
Russia and France Support Serbia
The Russian Czar will ask the Kaiser to soften Austria’s demands
When it fails Russia will mobilize
Germany will declare war on Russia
Russia will turn to its ally France, who will back Russia. Germany declares war on them too
Germany Marches Through Belgium
Germany has a plan to defeat France quickly. They have to go through Belgium to get there. This forces Britain to declare war
Whose Fault?
It’s everyone’s fault even though initially Germany is blamed

12. The Alliance System Leads to War
To aid its ally Serbia, Russia mobilized its army, including these Cossacks. As World War I began, European armies still sent cavalry units into battle.

13. The Alliance System Leads to War
Analyze Maps How does this map help explain the expansion of World War I from a localized to a global war?

14. Quiz: European Powers Form Alliances
The European nations formed two great alliances because they wanted to
A. promote trade and commerce.
B. create a single, unified government.
C. protect themselves from their enemies.
D. be prepared for the coming of World War I.

15. Quiz: Major Causes of World War I
Imperialism increased tensions in Europe because
A. colonies were threatening to invade Europe.
B. countries built up their military to protect their colonies.
C. colonies were building their own military alliances.
D. emperors needed more soldiers to defend their capital cities.

16. Quiz: The Balkan Powder Keg Explodes
How did Austria’s alliance with Germany affect Austria’s reaction to the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?
A. It prompted Austria to take a firmer stand against Serbia.
B. It prompted Serbia to send Austria an ultimatum.
C. It prompted Austria to go to war with Germany.
D. It prompted Austria to negotiate with Serbia.

17. Quiz: The Alliance System Leads to War
What was the main reason that Britain entered the war?
A. because it was an ally of France
B. because Germany invaded neutral Belgium
C. because it supported Slavic nationalism
D. because Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated