1. Short story bootcamp vocabulary notes
Ms. Turner, English I
Spring 2018

2. Vocabulary List 1
You will have a quiz on this list Friday, February 2nd! Take close notes.
These notes should go in the Vocabulary section of your binder or notebook.

3. Review

4. Vocabulary list 1
Setting – The time and place in which the story takes place.
Exposition – The first part of the plot sequence where we are given background information and are introduced to the characters, setting, conflict, etc.
Rising Action – The central part of the story during which various problems arise after a conflict is introduced. These events build up the conflict and create tension/suspense.
Climax – The moment of the highest intensity in a story. The primary conflict is directly addressed at the climax.

5. Vocabulary list 1
5. Falling Action – The action and dialogue following the climax; the falling action ultimately leads to the story’s end. 6. Resolution - The part of the story in which the problems are solved and the action comes to a satisfying end.

6. practice
Directions: As a group, you will sketch out the plot diagram of a movie you’ve all seen. Include information about the setting in the sketch. Although you’re working together, each person needs to have the plot diagram copied in their notes.

7. Vocabulary list 1 7. Protagonist - The main character of a story.
Example:
8. Antagonist – The person or force that works against the main character (the protagonist).
9. Dynamic Character – A character that undergoes an important inner change, as in personality or attitude.
10. Static Character – A character that does not change in a literary work,

8. Vocabulary list 1
11. Charactization – the process of revealing the personality of a character in a story
a. Direct Characterization – a form of characterization where the author directly and clearly tells us what a character is like.
Example: “Melissa is an extremely cruel person.”
b. Indirect Characterization – a form of characterization where the author shows us what a character is like through their thoughts, words, and actions. Readers must infer what a character is like based on the clues provided.
Example: “When the thin, stray dog approached her and began begging for scraps, Melissa kicked him away and ignored his whines. When she was finished eating, she threw her leftovers in the nearby trashcan and went back to work.”

9. Vocabulary list 1
12. Conflict – the central struggle between characters or competing forces in a story. Conflict may be internal or external.
a. Internal Conflict – Man vs. Self. Internal conflicts occur within a character’s mind when a character struggles to overcome thoughts, emotions, or to make a decision.
b. External Conflict – Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Technology, Man vs. Society, Man vs. Man. An external conflict occurs when a character struggles with an outside force.

10. Flashcards due Wednesday (1/31)
Vocabulary list 1
Flashcards due Wednesday (1/31)
Quiz this Friday (2/2)

11. Vocabulary list 2
You will have a quiz on this list Friday, February 9th! Take close notes.
These notes should go in the Vocabulary section of your binder or notebook.

12. Theme - The underlying meaning or central takeaway of a literary work.
Vocabulary list 2
Theme - The underlying meaning or central takeaway of a literary work.
Tone – the writer’s attitude towards a subject or audience.
Mood – the emotional feeling or atmosphere a literary work produces in the reader.
Flashback – a scene that interrupts a story to describe an earlier event.
Foreshadowing – the use of clues to hint at events that will occur later in a plot.

13. Vocabulary list 2
6. Symbol – person, place, thing, or event that stands for itself and for something beyond itself as well.
7. Point of View – the perspective from which a story is told.
a. 1st Person Point of View – When the main character is telling the story. Uses the pronouns “I”, “we”, “us”, etc.
Example: Autobiographies
b. 2nd Person Point of View - When the speaker is directly addressing the reader. Uses “you”.
Example: Instructional writings such as cookbooks
c. 3rd Person Limited Point of View – The speaker is a character in the story. We only know the thoughts/feelings of that one character. Uses pronouns “she”, “he”, and “they”.
d. 3rd Person Omniscient Point of View - This point of view still uses the "he/she/they" narration but now the narrator knows everything. The narrator isn’t limited to what just one character knows but knows things that others don't, can make comments about what's happening, and can see inside the minds of other characters.

14. Vocabulary list 2
8. Situational Irony – When something happens that is very different to what was expected.
9. Verbal Irony – When someone says the opposite of what they actually mean. Sarcasm is a form of verbal irony.
10. Dramatic Irony – When we know more about what’s happening in a story than the characters do.

15. Vocabulary list 2
11. Suspense -the intense feeling that an audience goes through while waiting for the outcome of certain events
12. Persona – the voice/mask assumed by a 1st person narrator.
13. Unreliable Narrator – a character whose telling of the story is not completely accurate or credible due to problems with the character's mental state or maturity
14. Hyperbole – figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion or to create a comic effect.

16. Vocabulary list 3 1. Ambiguity 2. Satire 3. Inference 4. Connotation
5. Denotation
6. Idiom
7. Dialect
8. Dialogue
9. Allusion
10. Imagery
11. Flash-forward
12. Personification
13. Style

17. Flashcards due Wednesday (2/14)
List 3 vocabulary
Flashcards due Wednesday (2/14)
Quiz this Friday (2/16)

18. List 3 vocabulary
Ambiguity - a word, phrase, or statement which contains more than one meaning.  Ambiguous words or statements lead to vagueness and confusion, and shape the basis for instances of unintentional humor
Satire - type of writing that ridicules something – a person, group of people, humanity at large, a social institution- in order to reveal a weakness
Inference - an educated guess where you use background and observation to make a logical conclusion.

19. List 3 vocabulary
4. Denotation – the dictionary definition of a word 5. Connotation – the meaning that is implied by a given word. Words carry cultural and emotional associations or meanings in addition to their literal meanings or denotations. 6. Idiom – expression peculiar to a particular language that means something different from the literal meaning of each word. Example: “It’s raining cats and dogs.” or “We heard it through the grapevine” 7. Dialect – way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or a particular group of people

20. List 3 vocabulary
8. Dialogue - A conversation between two or more characters. 9. Allusion – a figure of speech that refers to a well-known story, event, person, or object in order to make a comparison in the readers' minds. 10. Flash-forward – a scene that interrupts the present action of the plot to shift into the future. Writers use flash-forward to create dramatic irony.

21. 11. Imagery - Language that appeals to the senses.
List 3 vocabulary
11. Imagery - Language that appeals to the senses.
12. Personification - a nonhuman thing or quality is given human characteristics
13. Style – the particular way in which a writer uses language. Style is created mainly through diction, use of figurative language, and sentence patterns. Examples: plain, ornate, formal, ironic, conversational, etc.