1. Muscle Anatomy

2. Muscle Anatomy Terminology
Fascia – thin connective tissue – provides support for muscle
Tendon – connects muscle to bone (ropelike)
Aponeuroses – connects muscle to bone or muscle to another muscle (thin, wide, flat)

3. Flexion – decreasing the angle b/w two body parts
Extension – increasing the angle b/w two body parts
Plantarflexion – Pointing the toes downward
Dorsiflexion – Pointing the toes upward

4. Abduction – Movement away from the midline of the body (Abduct = take away, kidnap)
Adduction – Movement toward the midline of the body (adding to the body)
Pronation – rotation (of the arms) inward
Supination – rotation (of the arms) outward

5.  Inversion – Pointing the soles of the feet inward (m/c position for ankle sprains)
Eversion – Pointing the soles of the feet outward
Protraction – sticking out
Retraction – Bringing it back in

6. Elevation – Lifting up Depression – Movement downward
Circumduction – Rotating so the distal end of the bone forms a circle
Rotation – Movement around a central axis

7. Muscle info
• Prime Mover – muscle that performs the majority of the work for a certain action
• Synergists – muscles that assist the prime mover
• Antagonist – muscles that perform the opposite action as another group of muscles

8. Muscle – the muscle’s name
• Origin – the non-moving point of attachment
• Insertion – the moving point of attachment
• Action – what the muscle does
How Muscles Are Named
• Shape – Rhomboid, Deltoid, Teres Major
• Location – SCM, Frontalis
• Action – Levator Scapula, Supinator
• More than one – Biceps Brachii, Serratus Anterior