1. THREE TYPES OF ROCKS

2. Thursday, January 19 How many different rock types are in this photo?
How can rocks talk to us?

3. What is a rock?
A substance that is naturally occurring, solid, and is made up of minerals
How is a rock different from a mineral?
Rocks are made from minerals

4. Elements Minerals Rocks

5. Why do we study rocks? A story about earth’s history
Rocks tell us:
A story about earth’s history
Tell us about pre-historic life (Dinosaurs)
The earth is constantly moving, shifting, and changing

6. Igneous Rocks Latin=“Fire”
Igneous rock: forms when molten (melted) rock (magma) cools and hardens
Basalt

7. Intrusive Igneous Rock
cooling takes place slowly beneath Earth’s surface
granite
Cools Slowly=Large Crystals

8. Extrusive Igneous Rock
Pumice
Extrusive igneous:
cooling takes place rapidly on Earth’s surface
Obsidian=volcanic glass
Cools Quickly=Small or no Crystals

9. IGNEOUS Cooling Magma Has big or small crystals (cooling time)
“Fire”
IGNEOUS
Cooling Magma
Has big or small crystals (cooling time)
Granite, Obsidian, Pumice

10. Made from eroded particles
Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary rock:
Made from eroded particles
Sediments are:
Rock pieces
Sand grains
Shell fragments
Limestone

11. How do sedimentary rocks form?
Weathering: powered by sun
Erosion: wind water, critters
Sedimentation: small parts
Deposit: layers
Compact: Squished
Cemented: glued

12. SEDIMENTARY
Weathering Erosion Sedimentation Deposition Compaction Cementation
Forms in layers, pieces glued together
Sandstone, Limestone, Coal
“Fire”
IGNEOUS
Cooling Magma
Has big or small crystals (cooling time)
Granite, Obsidian, Pumice

13. Metamorphic Rock
To Change: butterfly
Metamorphic rock: forms when any rock type is changed into a different kind of rock
Changes due to great heat and/or pressure
Foliated=lines
Nonfoliated=no lines
Gneiss

14. Metamorphic Rock To Change: butterfly
Limestone + Heat and Pressure= marble
Sandstone + Heat and Pressure= Quartzite

15. IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC
To Change:
Weathering Erosion Sedimentation Deposition Compaction Cementation
Forms in layers, pieces glued together
Sandstone, Limestone, Coal
Twisted and swirled by pressure and folding of the rock
Marble, gneiss
“Fire”
IGNEOUS
Cooling Magma
Has big or small crystals (cooling time)
Granite, Obsidian, Pumice

16. The Rock Cycle Rocks can change into new Rocks

17. The Earth Recycles Rock
The rock cycle is an ongoing series of processes inside Earth and on the surface
Slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
Any type of rock can change into another type

18. How does this relate to plate tectonics?
Plate movement drives the rock cycle
Subduction (1 plate pushed under another plate)
Re-melts rock into magma
Mountain building
Folding, faulting, uplift
Exposes rock at the surface to be weathered and eroded

20. The Rock Cycle