2. What is physics?
The study of matter, energy, the relationship between them, the transformations they go through and the way they interact with space and time

3. 10 Main branches of physics
Astrophysics
Atomic and molecular physics
Biophysics
Condensed matter physics (solid state)
Cosmology
Geophysics
Mechanics
Statistical Mechanics
Theoretical physics
Thermodynamics

4. What are systems?
Due to the complexity of physical systems, you cannot study physics as a whole
It is necessary to pick a small region of space and study it individually. This is called a system.

5. How to study physical systems
Qualitative analysis
Describes the atributes or characteristics of a system
By manipulating the system, you can determine the changes that occur within the system and figure out how it works
Quantitative anaylysis
Atributes that can be measured (or magnitudes)
We need to know the initial, intermediate and final states of the system

7. Magnitudes

8. What is a physical magnitude?
Properties that can be measured and expressed with a number and a unit

9. Explain which of the following are examples of magnitude
The love a man has for a woman
The longitud of your pencil
The area of a room
The mass of a coin
A student´s knowledge
The beauty of a person

10. How do we measure magnitudes?
With an instrument of measure

11. How must we express magnitudes?
120
What is wrong with this?
Magnitudes must be expressed with a number and a unit
V= 120 Km/hr
Magnitude number unit

12. Magnitudes can be classified in two different ways
Scalar Quantities
Vector Quantities
Fundamental
Derivate
Complementary

13. Scalar vs Vector quantities
Has only magnitude
Example: lenght, area, volume, temperature
12m, 8m2, 12m3, 5°C
Has magnitude and direction
Example: Displacement, force

14. Example scalar vs vector quantities
Ricardo drives 5km North to go to the grocery store and then drives 3Km East to go to his grandmother´s house.
-What is the distance he travelled?
-What is the displacement?
-Classify the distance and displacement as scalar or vector quantities.

15. Fundamental vs Derivate vs Complementary
What is it?
Examples

16. Fundamental
Are magnitudes that do not derive from any other magnitudes

17. Examples-Fundamental magnitudes

18. Derivate
Are those that derive from fundamental magnitudes

19. Examples-derivate

20. Complementary Geometric magnitudes that help define other magnitudes
Example:
Angles
Magnitude
Unit and symbol
Straight angle
Radian (rad)
Solid angle
Steradian (sr)

21. Exercise- Classify the following as fundamental, derivate or complementary
Force (N)
Mass (Kg)
Volume (m3)
Energy (J)
Time (s)
Electric charge (C)
Straight angle (rad)
Frequency (Hz)
Longitude (m)

22. Answers Fundamental Derivate Complementary Force (N) X Mass (Kg)
Volume (m3)
Energy (J)
Time (s)
Electric charge (C)
Straight angle (rad)
Frequency (Hz)
Longitude (m)

23. Units of measurement What is a unit of measurement?
It is a particular physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention, with which other particular quantities of the same kind are compared to express their value
Examples: meter, second, Newton, Joule

24. International System of Units
It is the modern form of the metric system and is the world´s most widely used system of measurement

25. Exercise: Classify the following as Unit or Magnitude
Height
Month
Microvolt
Newton
Surface
Force
Centimeter
Kinetic energy
Joule
Temperature
Weight
Kilogram

26. Answer Unit Magnitude Height X Month Microvolt Newton Surface Force
Centimeter
Kinetic energy
Joule
Temperature
Weight
Kilogram

28. Basic unit conversions
K H da unit d c m
1.2m = __________mm
0.003Km= _________m
0.123 dm= _________hm
13dam= _________cm

29. Basic unit conversions- Multiples
The multiple of a unit is a new unit that is several times bigger than the unit
Prefix
Symbol
Conversion Factor
deca Da 10
hecto H
10²
kilo K
10³
mega M
10⁶
giga G
10⁹
tera T
10ⁱ²
peta P
10ⁱ⁵
exa E
10ⁱ⁸
zelta Z
10²ⁱ
yolta Y
10²⁴

30. Multiples- examples
Unit Symbol
Unit Name MJ kW
GHz TA Hm

31. Answer Unit Symbol Unit Name MJ Megajoule kW Kilowatt GHz Gigahertz TN
Teranewton Hm
Hectometer

32. Basic unit conversions- Submultiples
The submultiple of a unit is a new unit that is several times smaller than the unit
Prefix
Symbol
Conversion Factor
deci d
10 -ⁱ
centi c
10 -²
mili m
10-³
micro
10-⁶
nano n
10-⁹
pico p
10-ⁱ²
femto f
10-ⁱ⁵
atto a
10-ⁱ⁸
zepto z
10-²ⁱ
yacto y
10-²⁴

33. Submultiples- Examples
Unit Symbol
Unit Name nW zA pm µJ fV

34. Answer Unit Symbol Unit Name nW Nanowatt zA Zeptoampere pm PicometerµJ
Microjoule fV
Femtovolt

35. Conversions- Exercises#
Exercise 1
5.6 MV= ____________ V 2
6.34 TPa= ____________Pa 3
3.84 A= _____________PA 4
4.22 J= _____________mJ 5
0.87 W= _____________GW 6
13.6 nF= ______________MF 7
0.6 km= ______________nm 8
5.18 fN= ______________mN 9
87 mPa= ______________Ppa 10
12days= ______________seconds