1. The SPEAR3 Upgrade Project at SLAC
Catherine Le Cocq, Brian Fuss, Michael Gaydosh
Alignment Engineering Group
SLAC

2. SPEAR History
1972: Commissioning as a 2.4 GeV colliding beam facility.
1974: Upgrade to 4 GeV.
1991: Completion of a dedicated electron injector.SPEAR2 operates routinely at 2.3 GeV as a synchrotron radiation source.
IWAA97: “Re-Visiting SPEAR After 25 Years” poster by M. Pietryka and all.
1997: Initial upgrade proposal.
1999: Start of SPEAR3 upgrade project.
2004: 3 GeV 100 mA operations.
SPEAR= Stanford Positron Electron Asymmetric Ring
SLAC-SSRL-SPEAR 3 dedication event of January 29, 2004:
“The project was completed three months ahead of schedule, and within its $58M budget.”
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3. 10/04/2004
IWAA2004

4. SPEAR3 Goals 3 GeV injection energy (increase from current 2.3 GeV).
18 nm-radian beam emittance (reduction from 160 nm-radian).
100 mA stored beam initially (same as SPEAR 2) with future increases towards 500 mA.
emittance = pi*sigmax*sigmax'
area of beam in phase space (size and divergence)
Decreasing emittance increases the brightness brightness is the # of photons/emittance
Local Magnet alignment tolerances:
X and y 200 microns, roll 500 microradians
Stability of the beam:
5 microns vertically and 15 microns horizontally.
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5. SPEAR3 Lattice 18 magnet girders: 18 straight sections:
14 standard cells
4 matching cells
18 straight sections:
12 are 3.1 m
4 are 4.7 m
2 are 7.6 m
m storage-ring circumference
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6. Standard Cell Part 1 10/04/2004 IWAA2004
SPEAR 3 will use 14 new steel girders for the standard cells and 12 new steel girders for the matching cells.
Each magnet will be individually supported onto the girder and separately aligned.
SPEAR 3 will be equipped with 5 BPMS and 4 corrector magnets per cell.
the BPMs are located at each end of the cell, just inboard of each dipole magnet, and near the QFC quadrupole.
The BPMs at the ends of the cell will be mechanically isolated by vacuum bellows and mounted on mechanically stable stands with low thermal expansion coefficient. The BPM in the center of the cell will also be mechanically stabilized.
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IWAA2004

7. Standard Cell Part 2 10/04/2004 IWAA2004
The existing 18 concrete SPEAR 2 magnet girders will be replaced with new steel girders (14 long girders for the standard cells and 12 short girders for the matching cells) to support SPEAR 3 magnets.
Each of the 9 m-long steel girders will be supported on three existing 1.5 m long piers, embedded into sandstone beneath the asphalt floor of the ring, and on one new support.
Each girder weighs 11,000 lbs and will support a SPEAR 3 magnet and vacuum chamber load of 42,500 lbs for Standard Cells and 24,500 lbs for Matching Cells. This load is 13,000 lbs more than that for SPEAR 2 magnets
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8. Standard Cell Part 3 10/04/2004 IWAA2004
Since the support girders themselves are not adjustable, each magnet must have its own adjustment system. A 6- strut, 3-point kinematic support system capable of attaining the 50 pm alignment tolerances will be used for each of the dipole, quadrupole and sextupole magnets. Similar to those used for the ALS and the B-Factory, the support system consists of 3 vertical Y-axis struts, 2 horizontal X-axis struts, and 1 longitudinal Z-axis strut.
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IWAA2004

9. SPEAR3 Magnets Summary 36 gradient dipoles: 94 quadrupoles:
28 full-length and 8 3/4 lenghth
94 quadrupoles:
4 different lengths: 0.60, 0.50, 0.35 and 0.2 m
72 sextupoles
2 different lengths: 0.25 and 0.21 m
72 dipole correctors
2 injection dipoles
2 injection quadrupoles
1 septum magnet
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10. SPEAR3 Beamlines
The 7 Insertion Devices beamlines stayed in the same position.
The 4 bend magnets beamlines had to be moved. Here are their SPEAR3 characteristics with respect to the center of the upstream straight.
α in radian
x in mm
z in mm
BL 1
BL 2
BL 3
BL 8
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11. SPEAR3 Timeline April SPEAR2 removal
Network 0
April SPEAR2 removal
May to mid June Floor construction
June 13 to 19 New monuments
Network 1
June 26 – July 3 Mark templates
Network 2
July 18 – August 1 Support plates
August to November Installation
Network 3
November 17 to 23 Final alignment
December Commissioning
2004 Network
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12. Network 0 Description Number of Points 330 Number of Stations 173
Number of Triplets
1356
Number of Height Differences
400
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13. Network 0 Composition Booster TC2002 Survey: 9/2001
BTS TC2002 Survey: 3/2002
Building 130 Tracker Survey: 7/2002
SSRL Tracker Survey: 9/2002
SPEAR Ring Tracker Survey: 11/2002
SSRL BL0 TC2002 Survey : 2/2003
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14. From SPEAR2 To SPEAR3 SPEAR2 SPEAR3 X Z
Z offset = m X offset = m Y offset = m H O = 0.0 m
22 floor SPxxx3D Z X
SPEAR3
Z offset = m X offset = m Y offset = m H O = m
38 floor SMxxFx
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15. Network 1 Purpose: Give values to the new SPEAR3 monuments.
Description:
166 points:
121 ring monuments including 34 new floor and 4 old floor
45 SSRL and BTS monuments
46 laser tracker stations
611 triplet observations:
Distances: 30 µm
Horizontal angles: 50 µm / D
Vertical angles: 50 µm / D
144 height differences: 50 µm
Comment:
sigma a posteriori: (distance: , horizontal angle: , vertical angle: , height difference: )
Weighted datum
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16. Network 2
Purpose: Check the new floor stability before the alignment of the support plates.
Description:
152 points:
121 ring monuments
31 SSRL and BTS monuments
47 laser tracker stations
676 triplet observations:
Distances: 30 µm
Horizontal angles: 40 µm / D
Vertical angles: 50 µm / D
123 height differences: 50 µm
Comment:
sigma a posteriori: (distance: , horizontal angle: , vertical angle: , height difference: )
Free datum
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IWAA2004

17. Network 3
Purpose: Assign new values to the SPEAR3 monuments before fine tuning all necessary magnets and vacuum chambers.
Description:
368 points:
122 ring monuments: 38 floor, 33 aisle, 50 wall and 1 ceiling
45 SSRL monuments
201 magnet TB
40 laser tracker stations
636 triplet observations:
Distances: 40 µm
Horizontal angles: 40 µm / D
Vertical angles: 50 µm / D
303 height differences: 60 µm
Comment:
sigma a posteriori: (distance: , horizontal angle: , vertical angle: , height difference: )
Mixed datum with further 3-parameter transformation
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18. Datum Controlling Points
HRLS010
HRLS090
HRLS100
HRLS105
HBL8N10
SM14F5
SM05F5
HRLN025
Golden Monuments:
SM05F5 fixed in Z and X
SM14F5 fixed in X
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19. First Conclusion
December 11, 2003: first complete turn of an injected electron bunch around the ring.
By December 15, 2003: the RF system was operational and SPEAR 3 started accumulating beam up to 2 mA.
January 22, 2004: the stored current reached 100 mA (maximum current allowed for operation this year).
March 8, 2004: BL 9 was opened with first users March 15.
By end of March 2004: BL 10, BL 11, BL 6 and BL 5 were opened and ready for users.
The project has completely replaced the SPEAR vacuum chamber, magnets, support rafts, RF, power supplies, cable plant and shielding tunnel floor in a 7-month shutdown period that began March 31.
Extract from the SPEAR 3 Upgrade Project Close-out Report from April 2004:
“Measurements of beam line parameters indicated that the SPEAR 3 optical performance goals were achieved.”
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20. 2004 Network
Purpose: Map the whole ring as part as the 2004 Summer/Fall downtime.
Description:
950 points:
143 monuments: 37 floor, 32 aisle, 45 wall, 1 ceiling, 11 others and 17 SSRL points used for height only.
807 magnet TBs
44 laser tracker stations
1809 triplet observations:
Distances: 40 µm
Horizontal angles: 50 µm / D
Vertical angles: 50 µm / D
270 height differences: 50 µm
Comment:
sigma a posteriori: (distance: , horizontal angle: , vertical angle: , height difference: )
Mixed datum, offset between the 2 trackers
Offset between trackers: -27 microns
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21. Floor Monuments Changes November 2003 – October 2004
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22. Floor Monuments Changes July 2003- November 2003
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23. Network Weak Spot
BL11 ID
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24. Magnet X as-built
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25. Magnet Y as-built
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26. Next beam to beamlines will be Monday, October 18, at 6:00AM
Final Conclusion
Map
Z inch
X inch
Y inch
mean
0.001
-0.004
std
0.013
0.011
0.005
Re-Map
0.012
0.007
Quad & Bend
0.000
0.006
Next beam to beamlines will be Monday, October 18, at 6:00AM
10/04/2004
IWAA2004