1. Essential Question: What is the composition of rocks and how are they formed?
Standards:
S6E5b. Investigate the contribution of minerals to rock composition.
S6E5c. Classify rocks by their process of formation.
S6E5d. Describe processes that change rocks and the surface of the earth.

2. Describe the differences in the three rocks below.

3. Over the next few days, we will examine rocks and how they are formed.
As you noticed with the three images, rocks can look very different from each other.
Over the next few days, we will examine rocks and how they are formed.

4. Use the Graphic Organizer to take Notes

5. Rocks are mixtures of minerals, rock fragments, organic matter, or other natural materials.

6. A Brief Introduction to Minerals [10:21]
Minerals Song

7. How many different substances can you find in the rock below?

8. Let’s examine the composition of rocks in more detail.

9. Composition of Rocks Rocks are made up of minerals
A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.

10. Minerals can be identified by physical properties:
Color and Appearance
Hardness
The way it reflects light (Luster)
The color of a mineral in powdered form (Streak)
The way a mineral breaks (Cleavage and Fracture)
Other Properties

11. Common Objects Made of Minerals
Minerals in your House
How we use minerals

12. Sample Testing for Mineral Identification

13. Mineral: Naturally Occurring
Formed by natural processes that occur on or inside the Earth without input from humans

14. What would be some of the natural processes on or inside the Earth that you have already learned about?
Heat and Pressure are two processes you have learned, but there are many others we will examine as well.

15. Does not consist of living matter
Mineral: Inorganic
Does not consist of living matter

16. Mineral: Solid with definite chemical composition and orderly arrangement of atoms

17. Designing Minerals with Legos Demonstration

18. Mineral or Not? Activity
With a partner, look at the images on the next few slides. Determine which are minerals and which are not minerals. Be able to justify your answer.

19. Questions to ask yourself when determining if an item is a mineral or not:
Is it non-living material?
Is it a solid?
Is it formed in nature?
Are its atoms arranged in a pattern that is repeated over and over?

20. Wood

21. Gold

22. Fossil

23. Topaz

24. Bones

25. Granite

26. Quartz

27. Pearls

28. Talc

29. Iceberg

30. Diamond

31. Coal

32. Rock Salt

33. And the answers are… Minerals Non-Minerals Gold Topaz Quartz Talc
Iceberg*
Diamonds
Non-Minerals
Wood - once living
Fossils – once living
Bone - living material
Granite - rock
Pearls – made by oysters
Coal - rock
Rock Salt – rock
*According to IMA – ice is listed as a mineral

34. How is a mineral similar to and different from a cake?

35. Mineral Web Search Activity