1. Chapter 19, Section 3 Pages 556-563
Kingdoms and Crusades
Chapter 19, Section 3
Pages

2. Royal Power in England
Review the lesson for the key accomplishments of each leader and to write them in the chart:
English King
Key Accomplishments
Alfred
William the Conqueror
Henry II
John
Edward I

3. Royal Power in England
Look over your chart. Can you answer the following questions?
Who united England?
What is the Domesday book and why was it important?
How did the common law help to unite England?
How is a grand jury different from a trial jury?
How did the Magna Carta limit the power of the king of England?

4. Monarchy in France Charlemagne's empire was split into 3 kingdom
Read the section titled “Monarchy in France” on page 559.
Now create a sequence diagram for how French kings increased their power. I began a diagram in the graphic below—you need to complete it.
Charlemagne's empire was split into 3 kingdom
In 987 the west Frankish nobles made Hugh Capet their king.
Hugh began the Capetian dynasty of French kings.

5. Eastern States of the Slavs
Create a concept web with the title “Eastern States of the Slavs” in the center circle.
Add four circles off your center circle—use the red headings in the section as your guide.
Fill in information from pages about the development of Russia.

6. Pilgrims and Turks in the Holy Land
Since about AD 200 European Christians had been making pilgrimages to Jerusalem, a city in the Holy Land.
For centuries Jerusalem was controlled by Muslims, who generally welcomed the Christian pilgrims.
In the 1000s the Seljuk Turks took control of the Holy Land. They closed the pilgrimage routes to Jerusalem.

7. The Rise of the Turks
About the same time, the Turks were also conquering much of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine emperor asked the pope for help defending his Christian empire. The pope agreed, and called for the people of Europe to fight the Turks.

8. The Crusades Pope Urban II Called the people of Europe to war.
Wanted to recapture the Holy Land, located in present day Israel and the West Banks, from the Muslims.
Over the next 200 years the Church launched 8 military expeditions into Israel.
The Crusades caused bitter feelings between Christian Western Europe and the Islamic World.

9. Why? Why did Pope Urban II call for war against the Turks?
He wanted control of the Holy Land.
He wanted Christians to be able to make pilgrimages to the Holy Land.
He wanted to unite Europe under a common enemy.
Hope to gain power and prestige for himself.
Wanted access and control of key trade routes between Africa, Asia, and Europe.

10. A Series of Crusades The First Crusade
Fought their way to Jerusalem and captured the city in 1099.
Killed thousands of Muslims, Christians, and Jewish inhabitants.
Some Crusaders returned to Europe, but those who stayed set up four Christian states, which were attacked repeatedly.
Saladin, an Arab Muslim leader, rose to power and took Jerusalem from the Christian Crusaders.
When Christian leaders tried to persuade Saladin to return Jerusalem to them, he refused, since Jerusalem was also a holy city to Muslims.
Saladin did negotiate a treaty with King Richard I of England which reopened Jerusalem to Christian pilgrims.

11. The Effects of the Crusades
Increase in trade and new ideas:
Learned new methods of architecture, such as domes and mosaics.
European ships returned with rugs, jewelry, glass, and spices, which soon became in demand in Europe.
The Crusades also encouraged the use of money in Europe, instead of a barter system.
New ideas and technologies in areas such as math, medicine, navigation and ship building.
Weakened feudalism:
Nobles who joined the Crusades sold their lands and freed their serfs.
Kings were able to build stronger central governments.