Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly

Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly
Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly. Put your name, date, and period on the top right-hand side of a piece of paper. Do NOT write in red. At the end of the period, turn your paper into tray #1 when you exit the room. Bell Ringer: Five Facts from CNN (Numbered, Complete Sentence)

EQT Study Guide Part 1 Naturalized Citizens pledge their allegiance to the US Constitution, and must fight when required by law. Declaration of Independence list grievances, and was inspired by Enlightenment. Magna Carta principles of limited government. Proclamation of 1763 did not allow settlement west of Appalachian. Vet Power of President is an example of Checks and Balances necessary to review legislation. Virginia Plan favored by large states, New Jersey Plan favored by small states.

EQT Study Guide Part 2 Twenty-Third Amendment allowed residence of Washington DC to vote for President. Establishment Clause United States cannot create or favor a religion. First Amendment Incessant – continuous. Grand Jury decides whether criminal charges should be brought against a person, can sit for up to 36 months. Juvenile courts are designed to rehabilitate offenders. Miranda Warnings right to remain silent right to a lawyer.

Civil Law

Civil Case lawsuit over disputes involving two or more parties.

Civil Case Examples: Personal injury, property dispute, property damage, broken contracts.

Contract agreement between parties to exchange something of value.

Negligence careless or reckless behavior.

Personal Injury Case a person falls on a broken stair at her apartment and breaks her leg.

Tort case involving an action that causes injury to a person or damage to property.

Two types of torts are 1)Intentional Torts 2)Negligence Torts, both are personal injury.

First step in any lawsuit is filing a Complaint with the court.

Complaint describes the wrong the defendant has committed and how the plaintiff was harmed.

Plaintiff party who files a lawsuit.

Defendant party being sued in court.

Summons document informing a person that he or she is being sued.

Attorney’s Answer to a complaint will most likely to contain, reasons the defendant is not responsible for the injuries claimed.

Discovery process of building a case.

Settlement agreement on an amount of money that the defendant will pay to the plaintiff.

Plaintiff may refuse to settle a case

1) if he or she feels strongly that the defendant must be punished for his or her actions,

2) or if he or she feels the settlement is unfair.

Damages sum of money paid by a defendant to repay a loss.

Punitive Damages meant as punishment for bad behavior.

If a defendant does not pay damages ordered by the court, his or her property may be seized and sold.

Losing Side of a lawsuit may appeal a verdict because:

1) if the defendant believes the judge made errors.

2) an injustice took place.

3) wants to have an award reduced.

Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Independent Practice
Copy questions and underline answers. If you do not answer last question, you will receive a zero.

6. What is the sum of money paid by a defendant to repay a loss? 420

7. What is the process of building a case? 419

8. What is an agreement on an amount of money that the defendant will pay to the plaintiff? 419

9. Who is the party being sued in court? 419

10. Who is the party who files a lawsuit? 419

11. What describes the wrong the defendant has committed and how the plaintiff was harmed? 419

12. What is a case involving an action that causes injury to a person or damage to property? 418

13. What is careless or reckless behavior? 418

14. What is an agreement between parties to exchange something of value? 417

15. What is a lawsuit over disputes involving two or more parties? 416

16. What is meant as punishment for bad behavior? 420
17. What is most likely to contain, reasons the defendant is not responsible for the injuries claimed? 419 18. What is the first step in any lawsuit? 419 19. A person falls on a broken stair at her apartment and breaks her leg, what is this type of case? 418 20. Name a typical Civil-Case (civil lawsuit). 418 12. What is a document informing a person that he or she is being sued? 419

Damages Discovery Settlement Summons Defendant Plaintiff Complaint Tort Negligence Contract Civil-Case Punitive-Damages Attorney’s-Answer Filing-Complaint Personal-Injury Personal Injury, Property Dispute, Property Damage, Broken Contracts

Criminal Law

Crime act that harms people or society and breaks a criminal law.

Crimes often grouped as Against People or Against Property

Criminal Case state or federal government charges someone with a crime, more serious matter than a Civil Case.

Penal Code state’s written criminal laws, describe crimes and punishments.

Felony crime punishable by more than one year in prison.

Murder crime most likely to lead to the death sentence.

Twenty-Three states authorize the death penalty for juvenile offenders.

Misdemeanor minor crime involving a small fine or short jail term.

Misdemeanor Examples: stealing a pack of gum or threatening to attack another person.

Minimum and Maximum Penalties give the judge some leeway in sentencing, because the circumstances of each case differ.

In some cases, the judge may wish to impose a harsher or a more lenient sentence based on the circumstances of the case.

Sentence Punishment, purpose of a prison sentence is to protect society.

Restitution convicted person pays back or makes up for whatever loss was suffered by the victim of the crime or by the victim’s family.

Work Release allowed to work in the community during the day, but must return to the jail at night and on the weekends.

House Arrest serves the sentence at home and must wear an electronic tracking device.

Parole supervised release from prison after part of a sentence has been served.

Trial Process helps ensure a citizen’s right to Due Process:

- right to know the charges

- the right to confront accusers

- right to legal representation

- right to a trial by jury

- the double jeopardy rule

Prosecution party who starts legal proceedings against another party in a criminal case. (DA) Ashley Rich

Arraignment court procedure in which a defendant is formally presented with charges.

Felony Case accused enters a plea of guilty or not guilty at the arraignment.

If Defendant pleads guilty to the charges during an arraignment, defendant is convicted of crime, and judge determines a punishment.

Plea Bargain when the prosecution and defendant agree to a lesser charge in return for a guilty plea.

Defendant decides whether a criminal case will be tried by a judge or a jury.

Opening Statements, each lawyer outlines the case he or she will present.

Prosecution must prove the defendant guilty “beyond a reasonable doubt” in a criminal case

Testimony answers given during a court trial while under oath

Cross-Examination questioning of a witness called by the opposing side in a trial

Correct Sequence of events in the end of a criminal case is verdict → sentencing → appeal

Responsibility of citizens to serve on a Jury, helps keep the legal system fair and impartial

Impartiality of juries and the benefits of a jury of peers deciding guilt or innocence

Verdict jury’s decision in a criminal case

Mistrial jury cannot reach a verdict

Acquittal vote of not guilty

Supreme Court ruled in 1938 that the Sixth Amendment meant that the government had to provide a lawyer to those who could not afford one on their own.

Ruling only applied to federal cases, however, not those tried in state courts.

Clarence Earl Gideon did not have a lawyer for his court trial 1961

Florida, where Gideon was accused of breaking into a pool hall, the state government was not required to provide a lawyer for poor defendants. 1961

Result of Supreme Court’s Gideon v
Result of Supreme Court’s Gideon v. Wainwright decision, states must provide a lawyer to defendants who cannot afford to hire one. 1963

6. What is a vote of not guilty called? 427

7. What might happen if the jury cannot reach a verdict? 427

8. What is the jury’s decision in a criminal case known? 427

9. What are answers given during a court trial while under oath? 427

10. Why is it the responsibility of citizens to serve on juries of peers? 427

11. What is it when a convicted person pays back or makes up for whatever loss was suffered by the victim of the crime or by the victim’s family? 426

12. What is questioning of a witness called by the opposing side in a trial? 426

13. When does each lawyer outlines the case he or she will present? 426

14. Who decides whether a criminal case will be tried by a judge or a jury? 426

15. What is it when the prosecution and defendant agree to a lesser charge in return for a guilty plea? 425

16. What is a court procedure in which a defendant is formally presented with charges? 425

17. Who is the party who starts legal proceedings against another party in a criminal case? 424

18. What is a minor crime involving a small fine or short jail term

19. What is a crime punishable by more than one year in prison? 422

20. What is a state’s written criminal laws, it describe crimes and punishments? 421

52. What is the correct sequence of events in the end of a criminal case? 427

Acquittal Mistrial Verdict Testimony Impartial Restitution Cross-Examination Opening-Statements Defendant Plea-Bargain Arraignment Prosecution Misdemeanor Felony Penal-Code Verdict-Sentencing-Appeal

C 15 – 3 Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly
C 15 – 3 Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly. Put your name, date, and period on the top right-hand side of a piece of paper. Do NOT write in red. At the end of the period, turn your paper into tray #1 when you exit the room. Bell Ringer: Five Facts from CNN (Numbered, Complete Sentence)

Juvenile Justice System

Juvenile Justice system was originally set up to teach young offenders the difference between right and wrong.

One of the primary purposes for establishing juvenile courts was to rehabilitate juvenile offenders.

Rehabilitate is to correct a person’s behavior.

Under certain circumstances, a juvenile offender may be tried as an adult.

The age at which a person can be tried as an adult differs from state to state.

Court may hand down a death penalty sentence to a juvenile offender if the crime had a high level of violence, and the juvenile is unable to be rehabilitated.

Legal Rights that juvenile offenders have that are the same as those of adults.

-the right to be told of the charges against them,

-the right to an attorney,

-the right to cross-examine witnesses against them

-the right to remain silent when being questioned.

Delinquent Offender young person who has committed a crime.

Status Offender young person who has committed an act that would not be a crime if done by an adult.

Skipping school is a juvenile status offense.

Similar crimes may result in the different punishments.

The Police officers who handles juvenile case is most likely to have the authority to divert juveniles away from court and into special programs.

Family history may be considered by a judge when sentencing a defendant.

Youth Offenders may be placed in a foster home if the youth was neglected by caregivers.

Custody is to take charge of someone in an official way.

Juveniles do not usually have a trial by jury.

Disposition Hearing is similar to an adult sentencing hearing.

After a juvenile has been found delinquent, the juvenile successfully completes probation the charges will be dropped and the matter removed from the record.

Children who live in poverty are more likely to get in trouble with the law.

Civics First Quarter EQT Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly
Civics First Quarter EQT Enter room, and take assigned seat quietly. Put your name, date, and period on the top right-hand side of a piece of paper. Do NOT write in red. After completion of test put Test in Tray #2 and answer document in Tray #1.

Do not write on test. 1. 16. Name 2. 17. Date 3. 18. Period
Civics EQT Do not write on test.

Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Independent Practice Copy questions and underline answers.
6. What is the sum of money paid by a defendant to repay a loss? 420 7. What is the process of building a case? 419 8. What is an agreement on an amount of money that the defendant will pay to the plaintiff? 419 9. Who is the party being sued in court? 419 10. Who is the party who files a lawsuit? 419 11. What describes the wrong the defendant has committed and how the plaintiff was harmed? 419 12. What is a case involving an action that causes injury to a person or damage to property? 418 13. What is careless or reckless behavior? 418 14. What is an agreement between parties to exchange something of value? 417 15. What is a lawsuit over disputes involving two or more parties? 416 16. What is meant as punishment for bad behavior? 420 17. What is most likely to contain, reasons the defendant is not responsible for the injuries claimed? 419 18. What is the first step in any lawsuit? 419 19. A person falls on a broken stair at her apartment and breaks her leg, what is this type of case? 418 20. Name a typical Civil-Case (civil lawsuit). 418 Chapman Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 2 Independent Practice Copy questions and underline answers. 6. What is a vote of not guilty called? 427 7. What might happen if the jury cannot reach a verdict? 427 8. What is the jury’s decision in a criminal case known? 427 9. What are answers given during a court trial while under oath? 427 10. Why is it the responsibility of citizens to serve on juries of peers? 427 11. What is it when a convicted person pays back or makes up for whatever loss was suffered by the victim of the crime or by the victim’s family? 426 12. What is questioning of a witness called by the opposing side in a trial? 426 13. When does each lawyer outlines the case he or she will present? 426 14. Who decides whether a criminal case will be tried by a judge or a jury? 426 15. What is it when the prosecution and defendant agree to a lesser charge in return for a guilty plea? 425 16. What is a court procedure in which a defendant is formally presented with charges? 425 17. Who is the party who starts legal proceedings against another party in a criminal case? 424 18. What is a minor crime involving a small fine or short jail term? 422 19. What is a crime punishable by more than one year in prison? 422 20. What is a state’s written criminal laws, it describe crimes and punishments? 421

Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Civil Case lawsuit over disputes involving two or more parties. Civil Case Examples: Personal injury, property dispute, property damage, broken contracts. Contract agreement between parties to exchange something of value. Negligence careless or reckless behavior. Personal Injury Case a person falls on a broken stair at her apartment and breaks her leg. Tort case involving an action that causes injury to a person or damage to property. Two types of torts are 1) Intentional Torts 2) Negligence Torts, both are personal injury. First step in any lawsuit is filing a Complaint with the court. Complaint describes the wrong the defendant has committed and how the plaintiff was harmed. Plaintiff party who files a lawsuit. Defendant party being sued in court. Summons document informing a person that he or she is being sued. Attorney’s Answer to a complaint will most likely to contain, reasons the defendant is not responsible for the injuries claimed. Discovery process of building a case. Settlement agreement on an amount of money that the defendant will pay to the plaintiff. Plaintiff may refuse to settle a case 1) if he or she feels strongly that the defendant must be punished for his or her actions, 2) or if he or she feels the settlement is unfair. Damages sum of money paid by a defendant to repay a loss. Punitive Damages meant as punishment for bad behavior. If a defendant does not pay damages ordered by the court, his or her property may be seized and sold. Losing Side of a lawsuit may appeal a verdict because: 1) if the defendant believes the judge made errors. 2) an injustice took place. 3) wants to have an award reduced. Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 2 Crime act that harms people or society and breaks a criminal law. Crimes often grouped as Against People or Against Property Criminal Case state or federal government charges someone with a crime, more serious matter than a Civil Case. Penal Code state’s written criminal laws, describe crimes and punishments. Felony crime punishable by more than one year in prison. Murder crime most likely to lead to the death sentence. Twenty-Three states authorize the death penalty for juvenile offenders. Misdemeanor minor crime involving a small fine or short jail term. Misdemeanor Examples: stealing a pack of gum or threatening to attack another person. Minimum and Maximum Penalties give the judge some leeway in sentencing, because the circumstances of each case differ. In some cases, the judge may wish to impose a harsher or a more lenient sentence based on the circumstances of the case. Sentence Punishment, purpose of a prison sentence is to protect society. Restitution convicted person pays back or makes up for whatever loss was suffered by the victim of the crime or by the victim’s family. Work Release allowed to work in the community during the day, but must return to the jail at night and on the weekends. House Arrest serves the sentence at home and must wear an electronic tracking device. Parole supervised release from prison after part of a sentence has been served. Trial Process helps ensure a citizen’s right to Due Process: right to know the charges the right to confront accusers right to legal representation right to a trial by jury the double jeopardy rule Prosecution party who starts legal proceedings against another party in a criminal case. (DA) Ashley Rich Arraignment court procedure in which a defendant is formally presented with charges. Felony Case accused enters a plea of guilty or not guilty at the arraignment. If Defendant pleads guilty to the charges during an arraignment, defendant is convicted of crime, and judge determines a punishment. Plea Bargain when the prosecution and defendant agree to a lesser charge in return for a guilty plea. Defendant decides whether a criminal case will be tried by a judge or a jury. Opening Statements, each lawyer outlines the case he or she will present. Prosecution must prove the defendant guilty “beyond a reasonable doubt” in a criminal case Testimony answers given during a court trial while under oath Cross-Examination questioning of a witness called by the opposing side in a trial Correct Sequence of events in the end of a criminal case is verdict → sentencing → appeal Responsibility of citizens to serve on a Jury, helps keep the legal system fair and impartial Impartiality of juries and the benefits of a jury of peers deciding guilt or innocence Verdict jury’s decision in a criminal case Mistrial jury cannot reach a verdict Acquittal vote of not guilty Supreme Court ruled in 1938 that the Sixth Amendment meant that the government had to provide a lawyer to those who could not afford one on their own. Ruling only applied to federal cases, however, not those tried in state courts. Clarence Earl Gideon did not have a lawyer for his court trial 1961 Florida, where Gideon was accused of breaking into a pool hall, the state government was not required to provide a lawyer for poor defendants. 1961 Result of Supreme Court’s Gideon v. Wainwright decision, states must provide a lawyer to defendants who cannot afford to hire one. 1963 Civics Chapter 15 Lesson 3 Juvenile Justice System was originally set up to teach young offenders the difference between right and wrong. One of the primary purposes for establishing juvenile courts was to rehabilitate juvenile offenders. Rehabilitate is to correct a person’s behavior. Under certain circumstances, a juvenile offender may be tried as an adult. The age at which a person can be tried as an adult differs from state to state. Court may hand down a death penalty sentence to a juvenile offender if the crime had a high level of violence, and the juvenile is unable to be rehabilitated. Legal Rights that juvenile offenders have that are the same as those of adults the right to be told of the charges against them, the right to an attorney, the right to cross-examine witnesses against them the right to remain silent when being questioned. Delinquent Offender young person who has committed a crime. Status Offender young person who has committed an act that would not be a crime if done by an adult. Skipping school is a juvenile status offense. Similar crimes may result in the different punishments. The Police officers who handles juvenile case is most likely to have the authority to divert juveniles away from court and into special programs. Family history may be considered by a judge when sentencing a defendant. Youth Offenders may be placed in a foster home if the youth was neglected by caregivers. Custody is to take charge of someone in an official way. Juveniles do not usually have a trial by jury. Disposition Hearing is similar to an adult sentencing hearing. After a juvenile has been found delinquent, the juvenile successfully completes probation the charges will be dropped and the matter removed from the record. Children who live in poverty are more likely to get in trouble with the law.

Civics 1 Illustration Create and color an illustration of a person performing a Duty or a Responsibility of a good citizen. Explain the duty or responsibility and the activity. Cover entire page with illustration. Duties Responsibilities *Laws *Informed Citizens *Taxes *Common Good *Defend Nation *Respect (Tolerance) *Serve in Court *Volunteer *Attend School *Vote Civics 2 - Illustration Design a sign to protest one of the acts Parliament put on the American Colonies. You need a picture and a slogan. Ask yourself the following questions. Why were the British taxing the Colonist? How did the Colonist react to the new taxes? Why did the colonist disagree with the new taxes? Civics 3 Illustration Create a sign supporting the Constitution (Federalist) or against the Constitution (Anti-Federalist). Your sign must include a Slogan (reason why you like or dislike the Constitution) and pictures, with color. Slogan must be large enough to see from a distance. Civics-4 Illustration Illustrate a person fulfilling a right from the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments). The illustration must have color and cover the entire page. Under the illustration answer the following questions: 1)What Amendment? 2)What right? 3)What is the person doing? C 14 – Illustration Illustrate a protection the Constitution offers to the accused. The illustration must have color and cover the entire page. Under the illustration answer the following questions: 1)What protection? 2)Where is it in the constitution? Protections for the Accused *Writ of Habeas Corpus *Miranda Warnings *Ex Post Facto *Double Jeopardy *Due Process *Grand Jury *Search Warrant *Right to Council *Jury Trial

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