1. Introduction to Civil Law

2. Civil Law
Settling disputes between individuals, individuals’ businesses and sometimes the government
About settling disputes not punishing wrongdoing
Civil case started by the person who has suffered the loss – the Claimant
Person who claim is made against is the Defendant
E.g. claim for losses and injuries resulting from a car crash
Usual remedy is financial compensation - damages

3. Law of Tort A tort means a civil wrong
Purpose of law of tort is to provide remedies when one person has been affected by another’s acts or omissions and the law considers that a remedy should be available

4. The Civil Process Burden of proof is on Claimant (C)
Standard of proof is balance of probabilities – more likely than not, 51%
Trials take place in County Court or High Court Queen’s Bench Division
No juries in negligence trials

5. Negligence 3 things that must be proved:
Duty of care was owed by D to C
D breached that duty of care
Breach of duty caused the loss complained of - damages
All law for negligence comes from case law