1. The use of alcohol and drugs and its relation to the workplace
Cláudia Urbano, Casimiro Balsa & Clara Vital
FCSH, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

2. Research context
3rd Portuguese General Population Survey 2012 – data analysis of prevalence and frequencies of alcohol and drug use
Comparing data for general population and population related with the workplace (employed or unemployed people)
Defining a model of survey set of questions regarding the use of substances and the workplace
After the analysis of significant literature
And the analysis of national and international indicators on the use of alcohol and drugs in the workplace
Theoretical concept of «workplace population»
Different from «working population» = employed
Includes unemployed population or others potentially integrated in the workplace
4th Portuguese General Population Survey 2017 – new set of questions
Brief analysis

3. Use by workplace population
Having information on users and non-users:
- Prevalence of use
- Frequencies of use
- Profiles: sex, age, labour characteristics (activity, contract, shift…)
- …
Missing information on:
- Labour context
- Rules
- Availability
- Report of situations with colleagues
Use by workplace population
Use at the workplace

4. Alcohol and Drug Use and the workplace 2012 data
Sample size: y.o.
Weighted data
Characterizing users among general population and among workplace population
Alcohol use:
Slightly higher prevalence among workplace population than among general population - 75,7% vs 73,6% LTP, 63,7% vs 61,1% LYP and 53,2% vs 50,3% LMP
Beverage problematic use (AUDIT C test) slightly higher among workplace population (14,8% vs 13,3%)
Prevalence is higher among unemployed people
Differences between activity sectors and professions
Drug use:
Similar tendencies between both population, considering workplace population have more young and male people
Multivariate analysis:
Different profiles of workers (different activities and contexts – construction, industry, restaurant industry, transportation industry…) and their relation to the use;
Different occupational contexts and the knowledge about prevention policies in the workplace

5. Characterizing the workplace population’s practices 2017 data
Sample size: y.o.
Weighted data
Brief information
Workplace population: 47% employed and 13% unemployed
Job satisfaction: ¾ happy/very happy with current job
4,6% had work accidents during the last 2 years, 4% of them due to alcohol use (more than 16-17% of those who had accidents prefer not to answers if those accidents were related to alcohol or drug use)

6. LYP: 19,4% used alcohol in working days, 9,4% medicines and 6,5% drugs
4,5% used alcohol often or some times 2h before work shift, 11,8% during meal breaks, 5% during other breaks at work, 2,8% during work time
6,5% frequently drank alcohol during special events promoted by the company (parties, anniversaries, colleagues’ farewell parties), and 8,8% did it some times; 2,0% say in those events there are no beverage and 22,2% say there are no such events in the company
Percentages are lower for medicines and for drugs

7. Characterizing the workplace policies 2017 data
Workplace policies and regulation:
56% workplace doesn’t have a health promotion dept. and 64% no health promotion program
19,9% there is regulation: 65,% both on alcohol and drugs
79,4% no prevention/intervention activities related to alcohol and or drug use problems
8,1% tests on drinking and 5,4% on screening drug use, mostly without a defined regularity, and in 75% of the cases is a random selection (while in 17% the test is only to specific groups of workers)
44-50% say the company has no concern at all towards alcohol, medicines and drug use by the employees and 9-12% say the concern is little

8. Characterizing the workplace and environment 2017 data
Availability: 26,4% - the workplace has a canteen/cafeteria
24,8% say beverage are available within a limited quantity and 7,7% without limit
15% say it’s easy to get beverages inside the workplace and 41,1% easy to get in the closest neighbourhood
Problematic cases and use of substances:
75,1% say there are no cases among colleagues, 6,4% few cases (10% don’t know how to answer)
Company’s culture: 19,8% say there are alcohol drinks at lunch time, parties or business lunch promoted by the company

9. Final remarks
Prevalence on alcohol (2012) among workplace population was slightly higher than among general population
Demographic structure is not the same: more young and male people among workplace population
Different profiles of workers and their relation to the use of and intensity of use (eg. binge drinking) for each psychoactive substance
Adding information on the use of alcohol (and drugs) during working time, working breaks, and consequences at work by its use
Adding information on the use of alcohol (and drugs) in work context
The use by the self
The use by colleagues
The company’s policies on availability, use and testing
The company’s culture on including beverage in the company’ social activities

10. Thank you for your attention
Cláudia Urbano, Casimiro Balsa & Clara Vital
FCSH, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa