1. Tiberius Gracchus
-Time Period: 133 B.C. -Accomplishments: Became tribune & wanted to give land back to poor -Supporters: Gaius Gracchus (brother) and poorer classes -End of Term: Killed by members of the Senate-threatened by his ideas
Tiberius Gracchus

2. General Gaius Marius
-Time Period: 107 B.C. -Accomplishments: First lower-class Roman to hold a high office. Opened army to everyone as consul -Supporters: Lower-class citizens -End of Term: A rival named Lucius Sulla led an army and overthrew Marius
*Even though Marius opened the army to everyone, soldiers became loyal to their generals and not Rome

3. General Lucius Sulla
-Time Period: 82 B.C. -Accomplishments: Overthrew Marius and became dictator, or absolute ruler. Doubled size of the Senate and weakened Tribunes -Supporters: Legionaries -End of Term: Retired
Lucius Sulla

4. Marcus Crassus
-Time Period: 60 B.C. -Accomplishments: Member of the First Triumvirate, or group of 3 leaders with equal power -Supporters: Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompey -End of Term: Killed in battle

5. Gnaeus Pompey
-Time Period: 60 B.C. -Accomplishments: Member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar’s rival for power Supporters: Army soldiers -End of Term: Killed in Egypt by supporters of Caesar

6. Julius Caesar
-Time Period: 46 B.C.
-Accomplishments: Member of First Triumvirate, general, reformer, and dictator of Rome
-Supporters: Poorer classes, Military
-End of Term: Killed by a group of Senators
*Caesar gained power in 48 B.C. after the death of Pompey
*Many feared Caesar would make himself king!

7. Caesar and the Ides of March
*Partner Read: Take turns reading paragraphs aloud
*After each paragraph stop and check for understanding
*Help one another with words and that you don’t understand
*Record notes on activity sheets
-Consolidate: To make stronger
-Conspiracy: A group’s secret plan
-Tyrant: A cruel ruler
-Soothsayer: Roman oracle
-Cicero: Roman philosopher

8. Mark Antony: Married Cleopatra in Egypt!
-Time Period: 43 B.C. -Accomplishments: Close friend and military leader with Caesar -Supporters: Caesar and military -End of Term: Octavian became emperor of Rome
Mark Antony: Married Cleopatra in Egypt!

9. Octavian Augustus: Rome’s First Emperor!
-Time Period: 27 B.C. -Accomplishments: Caesar’s adopted son, Member of Second Triumvirate -Supporters: Caesar -End of Term: Became first Roman Emperor!
Octavian Augustus: Rome’s First Emperor!