1. Rome- Republic & Conquest

2. Journal Entry #6
What is the name of the first group of individuals who dominated Rome?
Explain the difference between Patricians & Plebeians.
What was the Roman Forum?

3. Success of the Republic
Infrastructure: Well-built military roads radiating from Rome
Military ability
Strategy: Divide and control
Treatment of conquered peoples

4. Success-Expansion
Success of the Republic resulted in Growing Population
When your population grows, what do you do?
Expand & Conquer!
Elaborate system of Roads
-Essential during Expansion. Why?

5. Military
All Roman men w/minimum amount of land were required to serve in times of war
Part of being a Roman citizen
Organized into Legions, or units
Commanded by Centurions, Officers who commanded a century (100 Men)
Highly disciplined & well-trained

7. Conquests
Romans conquered several territories, expanding their empire (Italy, Carthage, Greece & Hellenistic Kingdoms)
Conquered peoples had to:
Provide troops to Roman Army
Acknowledge Rome as Head of Gov’t
Then, Rome allowed them to manage their Domestic Affairs (basically left them alone!)
Promoted intermarriage; spread of Roman culture

8. Greek Influence Admired Greek culture prior to conquest
Art & Architecture reflected Greek ideals, or were copies
Religion- Olympian Gods became the heart of the Roman state religion
Temples built in Rome & throughout its provinces
Some Romans not happy with all of this Cultural Diffusion
Preferred simple Roman culture of the Early Republic

9. Greek v. Roman Gods

10. Punic Wars Sicily, Roman Ally, came into conflict w/ Carthage
Carthage- Powerful trading city in North Africa
Series of Wars that lasted nearly 80 years
Mainly focus on 2nd Punic War
Why? Hannibal. Elephants. Destruction.

12. 2nd Punic War
Hannibal led his well-trained Army & War Elephants across the Pyrenees & Alps
Invaded Italy, defeating every Roman Army they encountered
Pressed on Rome

14. 2nd Punic War What to do if you’re Roman? Meet Hannibal in the Field?
Scipio Africanus, Roman General, sails to Africa & besieges Carthage
Hannibal could push on Rome, but he would lose his home
Hannibal returns, soundly defeated outside of Carthage

15. 3rd Punic War
After defeating Hannibal, Scipio let him live AND refused to destroy Carthage
Tensions remain high, one Senator ended all of his speeches with “Carthage must be destroyed”
War declared, laid siege on Carthage for 3 years
Romans pulled an Alexander!
Enslaved entire population, burnt the city to the ground & salted the fields---Why?
1st instance of Genocide?