1. Unit 2
Drug Use
Drug Misuse
Drug Abuse

2. What is the difference between medicines & drugs?
Today, medicine(s) can prevent – treat – cure most illnesses
Problem, people think drugs can solve all problems
Medicines are drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases or other conditions.
Drugs are substances other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind.

3. All medicines are drugs, but not all drugs are medicines!
Medicines that treat or prevent illnesses:
Help prevent disease (vaccines)
Fight pathogens (antibiotics, antivirals, etc)
Relieve pain and other symptoms (analgesics)
Manage chronic conditions, restore health, and regulates body’s systems
(allergy, asthma, antidepressant,
cancer, etc.)

4. 7 Categories of Drugs: Natural Remedies OTC (Over the counter)
Prescription
Tobacco Products
Alcohol
Illegal
Unrecognized (caffeine or inhalants)

5. What message do we receive from drug advertising?
We take drugs
to make us feel better

6. Effects of drugs on the body
Medicines can be delivered to the body in many ways:
Oral (by mouth tablets, capsules, liquids)
Topical (applied to the skin – lotion, patch)
Inhaled (mist or powder – asthma)
The fastest way medicine is taken for the body to respond is? INJECTION (shots)

7. Reactions to medications
Side effects – reactions to medicine other than the one intended
Medicine Interactions
Additive interaction – occurs when medicines work together in a positive way
Synergistic effect – the interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect
Antagonistic interaction – occurs when the effect of one medicine is canceled or reduced when taken with another medicine or drug.

8. People take drugs in 3 different ways:
Drug Use
Drug Misuse
Drug Abuse

9. Drug Use Taking medicine properly and its correct dosage
Example: following directions from your Dr.’s prescription

10. Drug Misuse Using a medicine in ways other than the intended use.
Examples:
Taking the wrong amount (directions)
Taking twice as much to make you feel better
Stop taking it too soon
Taking medicine prescribed to someone else

11. Drug Abuse Intentional taking medication for nonmedical reasons
Examples:
Taking a medicine that is legal to get high or drunk
Using it to lose weight
Using illegal drugs

12. Common OTC analgesic medicine:
Standard Medicines
Over-the-counter – medicines you can buy without a doctor’s prescription
1. OTC:
Common OTC analgesic medicine:
Aspirin - Bayer
Acetaminophen – Tylenol or Midol
Ibuprofen – Advil or Motrin
Naproxen sodium - Aleve
* Some OTC medicines are controlled

13. Example of an OTC controlled?
Cold medications that contains an ingredient pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine must be kept behind the pharmacy counter.
These medications are used to make highly addictive, illegal drugs - METH

14. Reye’s Syndrome
A serious disease that can lead to stomach irritation and bleeding by the use of ASPIRIN
Common in children and adolescents
Do not use when you have chicken pox or the flu

15. Prescription Drugs
medicines that are dispensed only with the written approval of a licensed physician or nurse practitioner.
A prescription always has a required dose
What is dose? The exact amount of a drug.
Taken only by the person whose name appears on the label
Taking a drug is safest when it is taken as prescribed!
Many prescribed drugs can lead to misuse or abuse.

16. Other Drug Abuse Stimulants Marijuana Depressants Inhalants
Opiates/narcotics
Club/Designer Drugs
Hallucinogens
Steroids

17. Illicit Drug Use? (S-U-P)
selling, using or purchasing of any substance that is legal/illegal or otherwise not permitted
A sign of drug abuse is Dilated Pupils
A sense of great well being and pleasure brought
on by some drugs, also called the “HIGH”
Euphoria

18. How drugs affect your health
Physically
Overdose: a serious, sometime fatal reaction to a large dose of a drug
Mentally
Flashback: an unexpected return to an unpleasant LSD experience, often months after the original experiences ended.
Builds a tolerance
Causes psychological/physiological dependence
Addiction: a psychological/physiological dependence of a drug

19. Psychoactive drugs
Psychoactive Drugs: chemicals that affect the CNS and alter activity in the brain
Stimulants
Depressants
Opiates (narcotics)
Hallucinogens
Marijuana
Inhalants
Steroids

20. Stimulants drugs that speed up the CNS.
1. Cocaine – seizure/death No medical use
2. Crack – 5-10 x stronger than cocaine
3. Amphetamine – decrease appetite
used for weight control
4. Methamphetamine – addiction also know as METH or speed Very Dangerous

21. Depressants known as a sedative, drugs that tend to slow the CNS.
1. Tranquilizers – dizziness - fever
2. GHB – loss of consciousness
date rape drug
3. Rohypnol (roofies) – memory loss date rape drug
4. Barbiturates – respiratory function
largest group of sedatives

22. Opiates/Narcotics
Drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain.
Heroin – coma or death
derived from poppy
flower – opium
2. Morphine – addiction relieves pain
3. Codeine – reduced respiratory function
4. Oxycodone (OxyContin) – drowsiness

23. Hallucinogens
Drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and scene perception, including vision, hearing, smell and touch.
1. PCP – aggression Most dangerous
2. LSD – numbness Most potent
3. Mescaline – Produces imaginary visions

24. Cannabis Distorts perceptions of time and distance.
1. Marijuana – illegal THC is the psychoactive
ingredient
an all-arounder drug delta -9 Tetrahydrocannabinol

25. Inhalants Huffing household products.
1. Household products – such as glue, gasoline, nail polish remover, lighter fluid, aerosols, bleach, spray paint, etc.
legal products for use

26. Club/Designer Drugs
Synthetic drug that are similar in chemistry to certain illegal drugs.
1. GHB – illegal “Date Rape” choice
2. Rohypnol – illegal also used for a tranquilizer
3. Ketamine – illegal Psychedelic anesthetic
90% used anesthetic for animals
4. Ecstasy – illegal Rave party drug (the “X” pill)
or MDMA = 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

27. Performance Enhancers
Drugs used for increase of physical appearance or performance. STEROIDS for medical use
1. Anabolic – legal 1. Estrogenic – legal
male hormone female hormone