1. Ecological Economics What is the Economy? What is Economics?
What is Ecological? What is Sustainability?
What is Wealth?

2. Context Current & future impacts and crises.
Emerging solutions: many already exist.
Current crises: raise fundamental questions.

3. Important Issues What do we want or need to do?
How do we design ways to achieve it?
What is Value?
Drivers
Scale
Invisibility
Social Power / class

4. What is Sustainability?
Bruntland: "…development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."

5. Durability Definition
"…refers to the ability of a society, ecosystem, or any such on-going system to continue functioning into the indefinite future without being forced into decline through the exhaustion or overloading of key resources on which that system depends." Robert Gilman, Context Institute

6. Wish List definition:
"Our vision for the future is of a region characterized by sustainable development, including economic vitality, justice, social cohesion, environmental protection and the sustainable management of natural resources, so as to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.“
-- Committee On Environmental Policy for the Economic Commission For Europe

7. More Qualitative
“Sustainable development is a dynamic process which enables all people to realise their potential and improve their quality of life in ways which simultaneously protect and enhance the Earth’s life support systems.”
--Forum for the Future (used by Interface)

8. Postindustrial Most Qualitative: “…development focused
directly on human and
environmental
regeneration through
both the unleashing of
human creative potential,
and the benign integration within of economic activities
natural systems.”

9. Ecological Economics Concepts
Empty / Full world
Scale to stay within ecosystems
Cost-benefit threshold for growth
Different view of allocating scarce resources
Intergenerational Equity
Growth vs. Development
Visibility & Value of ecosystem services
Internalizing full costs
Substitutability & complementarity
Public goods & Commons

10. Principles of a Green Economy
The Primacy of Human Need, Service, Use-value, Intrinsic Value & Quality
Following Natural Flows
Waste Equals Food
Elegance and Multifunctionality
Appropriate Scale / Linked Scale
Diversity
Self-Reliance, Self-Organization, Self-Design
Participation & Direct Democracy
Human Creativity and Development
The Strategic role of the Built-environment, the Landscape & Spatial Design

11. 3-D’s of Green Development
Dematerialization
Detoxification
Decentralization

12. The Green Economy A Historical Transition: …from Quantity to Quality
A Question of Potentials
…not simply limits
Key to Sustainability:
Redefining Wealth

13. Industrialism: The Divided Economy
Invisible Visible
Use-value Exchange-value
“Consumption” “Production”
People Things
Unpaid Paid
Women Men
Informal Formal
Private Public

14. Invisible Economy (1) Total Productive System of an Industrial Society (layer cake with icing)2
GNP-Monetized
½ of Cake
Top two layers
Non-Monetized
Productive ½ of Cake
Lower two layers
GNP “Private” Sector
Rests on
GNP “Public” Sector
Social Cooperative
Love Economy
Nature’s Layer
“Private” Sector
“Public”Sector
“underground economy
“Love Economy”
Mother Nature
All rights reserved Copyright© 1982 Hazel Henderson

15. Invisible Economy (2)

16. Basics of a Green Economy
The Service Economy
“Hot Showers and Cold Beer”
Nutrition, Illumination, Entertainment, Access, Shelter, Community, etc.
2. The “Lake Economy”
Flowing with nature, Every output an input, Closed-loop organization, Let nature do the work

17. The Economy in Loops

18. Industrialism: Accumulation
Production-for-production’s-sake
Invisibility of key factors
Centralization of production, massive upfront investment
Focus on labour productivity : resources substitute for human energy
Cog-labour: humans as component parts
Regulation: controls as limits
Scarcity-based: role of waste since WWII
Globalization: free trade & intellectual property

19. Postindustrialism: Regeneration
New relationship of culture to economics: centrality of human development
Substitution of human creativity for resources
Direct targeting of human need: conscious consumption
Human-scale technologies: production ‘distributed’ over the landscape ; Integration: ALL places are places of production
Qualitative Wealth is PLACE-BASED
Distributed regulation: incentives for positive action throughout economy.
Self-reliance / interdependence:
Daly: “Trade recipes, not cookies”

20. Market Transformation
Building full costs into market prices
Making social & environmental values into market drivers:
“Mindful Markets”

21. The New Regulation Expanding importance of Commons:
social, environmental, electronic
Importance of Design & Planning
Rules & Regeneration
Distributed Production & Distributed Regulation
Embedded in Civil Society

22. Non-Market Non-State Production
Spatial Commons / Public Space
Environmental Commons
Infosphere

23. Remuneration & Qualitative Wealth
Sever work and income?
Wages: tied to certain kinds of production & markets. Public goods not so well served by markets.
Economic insecurity: closely related to environmental destruction.

24. Community as Central Human creativity as key to development.
Expanding role of the Commons
Resource efficiencies of localization.
The place-based character of qualitative wealth

25. Value Revolution, Knowledge & Market Transformation
Values-driven business
BALLE, GET
Green/social Evaluation
LCA, Eco-footprints, Community Indicators
Green/social Certification
LEED bldg., FSC wood, LFP food
Transformative /collective consumerism

26. Corporate Strategies
Corporations as financial, not production, entities
Structural problems: the ‘bottom line’
documentary: The Corporation
Need to change corporate DNA
Need for outside help: regulation (EPR), new enterprises networks, certification
The Stakeholder Corporation & democracy

27. Community / Small Business
The realm of cutting-edge alternatives in almost every sector
Need for new & stronger networks
Local market power based on solid knowledge
Import substitution
Regenerative finance
Necessity of empowering all sections of the community
Community development Plans & Indicators

28. Social Change Today
Strategic priority of ALTERNATIVES over opposition.
Community as the key locus for change, but every level requires action
Need for long-term VISION
Need for incremental change and PIONEER ENTERPRISES in ecological economic succession.
Need for incentives/disincentives thoughout the entire economy.