1. Civilizations and Achievements Part II

2. Introduction to the Middle Ages
Topic
Key Features and Characteristics
Feudalism, Manorialism and Religion
Feudalism – political system of the Middle Ages, kings give land away to nobles for military service in return
Manorialism – people lived on manors, they are self-sufficient, serfs cannot leave the land
Religion – Roman Catholic Church (Pope) was very wealthy and had a lot of power in Western Europe
Crusades
Religious wars of the Middle Ages: Christians fought to regain control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims
Results of the wars trade increases between Europe and the Middle East

3. Lords divided up their large land holdings among lesser lords.
King gives land to his lords in exchange for their loyalty and protection
Lords divided up their large land holdings among lesser lords.
Lesser lords (vassals) pledged their service and loyalty to the greater lord, in return for a fief
Knights pledged to protect the manor and go off and fight for the lord if necessary
Serfs were bound to the land – worked the land for the lord

5. Transformation of Western Europe
Event
Key Features & Characteristics
The Black Death
Bubonic Plague in Europe
Killed 25 million people in Europe
Started in East Asia and spread along trade routes
Result: depopulation, trade and production declined
The Renaissance
Golden Age of Western Europe
Amazing achievements in art, literature and science
Studied art from Greece and Rome
Humanism – focus on human lives on earth not God
The Protestant Reformation
Religious revolution that questioned the Catholic Church
Indulgences – reductions in punishment sold by the Catholic Church
Martin Luther: 95 Thesis
Division of the Catholic Church and Popes power decreased.

7. NOT MARTIN LUTHER KING JR……. THE CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER
Martin Luther……. THE GERMAN MONK!

9. Think of the Ninja Turtles… Michelangelo, Donatello, Leonardo and Raphael

10. Leonardo Da Vinci’s The Mona Lisa

13. Mesoamerica: Maya, Aztec and Inca
Civilization
Location
Achievements & Key Features
Maya
Mesoamerica (Mexico and Central America)
Developed a calendar and form of writing
Math – concept of “0” in math
Aztec
Mesoamerica: Mexico
Tenochtitlan – capital city of Aztec Empire
Calendar
Form of writing
Chinampas – floating gardens that Aztecs built in order to farm on the lake
Inca
Peru- Andes Mountains
South America
Machu Picchu
Roads
Bridges
Terrace Farming – farming on a mountain

14. MESOAMERICA “Mexico & Central America”

17. Incan City of Machu Picchu