1. 10th Euro Studies 11.03.16 Turn in: Take out: Today’s objective:
Mswati III “outline”
Take out:
Planner
Pen/pencil
NOTES
Today’s objective:
I can describe how Spain was unified and the impact of Philip II had on the balance of powers in Europe.
Today’s Agenda:
Background on Isabella and Ferdinand
Spain: Philip II
Monarch Chart
Map of Europe
HW:
In-Class: CRA pages
Ongoing:
Begin working on map (focus on Spain…)
Begin working on chart (focus on Spain…) & Philip II

2. BALANCE OF POWER

3. A power vacuum…Why? DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
-Black Plague and Wars weaken feudal lords
-Renaissance weakens the power of the Catholic Church
-Age of Exploration makes kings rich
-Absolute Power is hereditary
DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
The belief that kings get their power
From God, NOT the people
-Jean Bodin: Only absolutism could provide order and force people to obey authority

4. Age of absolutism -Age of Exploration = 5 powerful countries/families
*England – The Tudors
*France – The Bourbons
*Spain – The Hapsburgs
*Prussia – The Hohenzollerns
*Russia – The Romanovs
-Large Standing armies = Balance of Power in Europe
*No more feudal armies
“The absolute and perpetual power of a Republic”
Centralized Government
Central governments evolved into nation-states
with strict boundaries
with unified role
with permanent armies
Citizens shared:
language
colture
national loyalty
religion (sometimes)

5. Ferdinand and Isabella—a match made in heaven? Not quite…
Spain—half-sister of Henry IV (The Impotent)
Remnants of the Medieval period…nobles gained/retained power
Reconquista (Re-CONQUEST)
Use of inquisition
Drove out of Granadans
Converted Jews and Muslims to Christianity (or killed many of them…)
Sponsored Christopher Columbus
Promoted Catholicism and got gold

6. Ferdinand: Catholic
Isabella: Catholic
The Moors: Muslims

7. More Inquisition Torture

8. Spain a unified Catholic country
The Inquisition and expelling of the Jews and Moors was so successful, that by the 1500’s, Spain was almost completely Catholic
The exploration of the Americas brought $$$
In the process, Isabella and Ferdinand became the most powerful “kings” in Europe
Gender roles???

9. Charles I—Two Crowns Hapsburg family HRE & Spain Exploration
What do you notice about the map?
Areas held by Spain (Orange)
Areas held by Spain (Yellow on the left…)

10. Charles V ORANGE=LAND INHERITED GREEN=FRIENDS
YELLOW=LAND GAINED I BLUE=ENEMIES
The Netherlands
GERMAN “KINGDOMS”
Lots of land…little resistance
Austria

11. Charles V—Two Crowns Charles I—Two Crowns Charles I—Two Crowns
Let’s count in Spanish…
Uno, dos…uno, dos, CINCO!
Becomes Charles V, but heavy weighs the crown…
More vernacular—abdicate!

12. Charles V ORANGE=LAND INHERITED GREEN=FRIENDS
YELLOW=LAND GAINED BLUE=ENEMIES
GERMAN “KINGDOMS”
Lots of land…little resistance, but it’s so far away…
Darn…the French, always in the way…
OTTOMAN EMPIRE

13. Phillip II Grandson of Isabella & Ferdinand 1500’s Spain
4 marriages—second wife was “Bloody” Mary
His empire provided him with incredible wealth.
Had supplied Spain with estimated 339,000 pounds of gold. Roughly 16,000 tons of silver bullion were unloaded.
Defeated Ottoman fleet into fierce battle near Leponto.
The Spanish Armada—invasion of England
Didn’t go so well for Phillip and the Spanish…