1. Nobel Prizes for Work in Solid State
or Condensed Matter Physics
H. KAMERLINGH-ONNES 1913
for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium.
M. V. LAUE 1914
for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.
SIR W. H. BRAGG, SIR W. L. BRAGG 1915
for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.
C. E. GUILLAUME 1920
in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel
steel alloys.
K. M. G. SIEGBAHN 1924
for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy.
SIR O. W. RICHARDSON 1928
for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him.
C. J. DAVISSON, SIR G. P. THOMSON 1937
for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals.
F. ZERNIKE 1953
for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope.
J. BARDEEN, WI. SHOCKLEY, W. H. BRATTAIN 1956
for their research on semiconductors and discovery of the transistor effect.

2. applications in solid state physics.
L. D. LANDAU 1962
for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium.
L. NÉEL 1970
for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important
applications in solid state physics.
J. BARDEEN, L.. N. COOPER, J. R. SCHRIEFFER 1972
for developing theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory.
L. ESAKI, I. GIAEVER 1973
for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively,
B. D. JOSEPHSON 1973
for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which
are generally known as the Josephson effects.
P. W. ANDERSON, SIR N. F. MOTT , J. H. VAN VLECK 1977
for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered
P. L. KAPITSA 1978
for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics
K.M. SIEGBAHN 1981
for his contribution to the development of high- resolution electron spectroscopy.
K. G. WILSON 1982
for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions.
K. VON KLITZING 1985
for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect.

3. for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope
G.BINNIG , H. ROHRER 1986
for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope
E.RUSKA 1986
for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope.
J. G. BEDNORZ , K. A. MÜLLER 1987
for their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials.
P.G. DE GENNES 1991
for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex
forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers.
R. B. LAUGHLIN, H. L. STORMER, D. C. TSUI 1998
for discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations.
Z. I. ALFEROV , J.S. KILBY , H. KROEMER 2000
for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics.