1. Reminders Unit 8 Exam- Tuesday, March, 21st
Last day to turn in ANY Unit 7 Work- Tuesday, March, 21st
Assignments completed for Unit 8:
Reminders

2. Unit 8: Mendelian Genetics 8.1 Genetics and Heredity

3. Think about your family- your brothers and sisters, mom and dad
Think about your family- your brothers and sisters, mom and dad. In what ways are you similar? In what ways are you different? Who did you get your traits from?

4. The Father of Modern Genetics
Gregor Mendel ( )
Ethnic German
Austrian Monk
As a child, lived on a farm working as a gardener and beekeeper
Worked at an abbey as a physics teacher

5. Mendel and his Subjects
Garden peas
Reproduce sexually
Self-pollinate
Could control cross- pollination
Careful research
One trait at a time
Analyzed data mathematically
Used true breed plants
Mendel and his Subjects

6. Heredity: Delivery of characteristics from parent to offspring
Genetics: The scientific study of heredity
Trait: Specific characteristic of an individual
Important Terms

7. Hybrids: Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
P = “parent” generation
F = “filial” generation, offspring (son or daughter)
F2= 2nd “filial generation”

8. Genes: Characteristics determined by factors that are passed from generation to generation.
Alleles: Different forms/versions of a gene
MORE Important Terms

9. Laws and Principles of Heredity
Principle of dominance
Law of segregation
Law of independent assortment
Laws and Principles of Heredity

10. Principle of Dominance
Some alleles are dominant, others are recessive.
Dominant: expressed trait
Allele represented with a capital letter.
Recessive: only expressed if no dominant trait is present
Allele represented with a lowercase letter.
Principle of Dominance

11. Principle of Dominance
Homozygous: Two identical alleles
Example: TT (homozygous tall) or tt (homozygous short)
Heterozygous: Two different alleles
Example: Tt (heterozygous tall)
Principle of Dominance

12. Principle of Dominance
Genotype: Genetic makeup- inherited
Example: TT, Tt, tt
Phenotype: Physical traits- determined by genotype and environment
Example: Tt and TT = Tall phenotype
Principle of Dominance

13. Two alleles for a trait separate when gametes form
Law of Segregation

14. Law of Independent Assortment
Alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation
Results in greater genetic variation since traits are passed on separately.
Law of Independent Assortment

15. A cross between two organisms, one which has a recessive phenotype, to learn the genotype of the other.
Test Cross