1. Measurements
The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of France in the 1790's.

2. Which other countries, besides the U.S., do not use the metric system?
STAT FACT
Which other countries, besides the U.S., do not use the metric system?
According to a survey taken many years ago, the only other countries that have not officially adopted the metric system are Liberia (in western Africa) and Myanmar (also known as Burma, in Southeast Asia).

3. Accurate Measurements
Accurate=how close the measurement is to the actual measurement.
Be sure we can compare our measurements to other people.
Scientists make repeated
measurements to increase the validity
and reliability of the results.

4. YOU CAN BE PRECISE BUT STILL BE WRONG.
Accuracy vs. precision
Precision:
When taking the same measurement over and over you get the same results.
YOU CAN BE PRECISE BUT STILL BE WRONG.
Accuracy:
How close your results are to the TRUE/REAL results

6. A Measurement system must be agreed upon and cannot change
Ex: The foot.

7. Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI)
1960
Based on Metric System

8. Standards 8
Exact quantity that people agree to use for a certain measurement.
Ex: The meter
The speed that light travels in a vacuum 1/ of a second.
Why….This seems CRAZY!!!
The meter Clip

9. Another Example of a Standard …..The kilogram
The official kilogram, made of platinum-iridium, remains in France at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures
Clip

10. Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI)
English: International System of Units
Each measurement has a base unit.

11. Based on multiples of ten.
SI System
Based on multiples of ten.
Examples of base units
Length
Meter
Mass
Gram
Volume
Liter
Time
Second
Temperature
-Kelvin
Energy
-Joule
Electric Current
-Ampere

12. Prefixes The most common prefixes are: Prefix- Symbol Multiple
Prefixes are used with the base units to indicate what multiple of ten should be used.
The most common prefixes are:
Prefix- Symbol Multiple
Kilo- k 1,000
Hecto- h 100
Deca- D 10
Deci- d .1
Centi- c .01
Mili- m .001
BASE UNIT

13. Convert the Following 65ml=_____L 3948g=_____kg 389.59m= ______km
mg=_____kg (use Sci. Not.)
89304µg= _______g

14. Laboratory Apparatuses for making Measurements

15. LENGTH
Distance

16. Meter Stick 1m = 100 Centimeters 1m = 1000 millimeters
Length
Distance
1m = 100 Centimeters
1m = 1000 millimeters
1cm = 10 mm
Each line on the meter stick is a millimeter.

17. Meter Stick
The last digit in all measurements is an estimate digit.

18. Amount of matter in an object
MASS
Amount of matter in an object

19. Triple Beam Balance Grams

20. VOLUME
Space occupied

21. Length x Height x Width =Volume

22. Graduated Cylinder
Volume
Space an object occupies

25. Metric Conversions
A conversion is changing the way you state the same amount!
Ex: 1 dollar
4 quarters, 100 pennies, 10 dimes
1meter = 100centimeters
Simply move your decimal point.

26. Let’s do some practice problems
YEAH!

27. TEMPERATURE
Kinetic Energy

28. Temperature Fahrenheit vs. Celsius vs. Kelvin
1742, Anders Celsius ( )
Lord Kelvin ( )
1714:Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit ( )
Superfridge

30. DENSITY
Mass per unit Volume

31. Derived Units Obtained by combining different units. Ex: Density30
Obtained by combining different units.
Ex: Density
Density is the amount of mass per unit volume.
D = m/v

32. Remember...
....all measurement need a unit.

33. TYPES OF DATA Quantitative vs. Qualitative31
TYPES OF DATA Quantitative vs. Qualitative
If the data collected involve observations without measurements or numbers, then it is referred to as qualitative data.
Quantitative data involves numbers or measurements.

35. Significant Figures 32
The number of significant figures is the number of digits believed to be correct by the person doing the measuring.
For measured numbers, significant figures relate the certainty of the measurement.
As the number of significant figures increases, the more certain the measurement.

36. 33
Your answer cannot be more accurate than the equipment used to make the measurement.
The accuracy of the result is limited by the least accurate measurement.

37. Sig Fig Rules 34 Nonzero digits are always significant
All final zeroes after a decimal point are significant
Zeroes between two other significant digits are always significant
Zeroes used solely as placeholders are NOT significant
Zeroes between a decimal point and a nonzero digit are significant.

38. Put it in Scientific Notation.35
Examples
The significant zeroes in these measurements are colored black and the insignificant zeroes are red. 
           
          
18,000               
18,000.00                 
     
Want to make it easier?????
Put it in Scientific Notation.

39. Practice How many Sig Figs?36
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____

40. 37
Arithmetic
When you perform any arithmetic operation, it is important to remember that the result can never be more precise than the least precise measurement.

41. Addition or Subtraction38
Perform the operation.
Round off the result to correspond to the least precise value involved. 
(fewest # of decimal places)
Example:
m m m   =   m
**You will report the correct calculated  answer as
30.24 m.  

42. Multiplication & Division Rules39
Multiplication & Division Rules
Perform the operation.
Round off the result to correspond to the number with the LEAST number of significant figures.
Example:
3.22 cm x 2.1 cm  =  cm2   
**Reported answer:
6.8 cm2

43. Practice 40 1) 6.201 cm + 7.4 cm + 0.68 cm + 12.0 cm =
2) 1.6 km   +   1.62 m   +    1200 cm   =  
3) 8.264 g   -   7.8 g   =   
4)  m   -   6.0 m    =  
5) 12.00 m   +  m   =  
6) 131 cm  x  2.3 cm   =  
7)  m  x  m   = 
8) 20.2 cm  / 7.41 s   =  
9)  g  / ml  = 

44. 41
Dimensional Analysis
Problem-solving method that uses the fact that any number or expression can be multiplied by one without changing its value.
Examples:
Convert 50.0 mL to liters.
How many centimeters are in 6.00 inches?
Express 24.0 cm in inches.
How many seconds are in 2.00 years?

45. Temperature Conversion42
Temperature Conversion
K = º C + 273
º C = (º F - 32) ÷ 1.8
º C = K - 273
º F = 1.8 ºC + 32
Examples on Notes.

46. Temperature Conversion
Answers   
1) -23 ºC            
2) 66 ºC            
3) 290 K            
4) 328 K             
5) 31.9 ºC                   
6) 230 ºF