1. Planets and the Solar System

2. There are perhaps thousands of galaxies in the universe.

3. Galaxies contain
planets
moons
comets
meteors
asteroids

4. All these objects spin or orbit around a center star, our sun.

5. sun

6. Solar flare

7. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, orbits around the sun.

8. 3 main galaxy shapes
elliptical
irregular
spiral

9. elliptical galaxy

12. irregular galaxy

15. spiral galaxy

20. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.

21. There are thousands of galaxies, other than ours, in the universe
There are thousands of galaxies, other than ours, in the universe. Some are very likely able to support life.

24. There are eight known planets.

26. The planets are divided into two main groups:
inner and outer

27. inner planets
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

28. Mercury

29. Venus

30. Venus

31. Venus

32. Venus fires

37. Mars

39. Mars

40. Mars

41. Olympia Mont on Mars
Olympia Mont on Mars

42. Ice found on Mars!

43. The inner planets are smaller and made of rock and iron.

44. outer planets
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

45. Shoemaker-Levy comet pieces that hit Jupiter

46. Shoemaker-Levy comet strikes (time lapsed)

47. Jupiter’s Big Red Spot

48. Jupiter

49. Jupiter and moons

50. Look how small the moon Io is compared to Jupiter. Our moon is
1/4 our size!

51. Callisto-Jupiter’s moon

52. Ganymede - Jupiter moon

53. Saturn

54. Saturn family

55. Neptune and moons

57. Neptune’s great dark spot

58. Neptune’s clouds

59. Uranus

60. The outer planets are larger and made of hydrogen, helium, and ice.

61. STARS

62. Stars are classified by their different temperatures, which cause them to be different colors.

63. star classifications
red
yellow
bluish white

64. Stars are born from a cloud of gas and dust.

65. interstellar dust

66. These clouds of gas move closer together and form a ball.

67. The ball gets hotter and starts to make energy.

68. As energy is made, the ball gets bigger and bigger until it forms an adult star.

69. Stars continue to burn for about 10,000 years until they consume or use all the hydrogen gas that is in them.

70. When all the hydrogen is gone, the star dies.

71. All stars turn into red giants or super giants at the end of their lives.

72. RED GIANT

73. During the red giant stage, a star swells up so big, it could swallow Earth, Venus, and Mercury.

74. As a star continues to grow it eventually starts to run out of energy.

75. It will collapse and shrink and become a nova that continues to emit some energy for awhile.

76. When all the energy is gone, it becomes a white dwarf or black dwarf star.

77. It is then a dead star and creates no energy and drifts in space.

78. SUPER GIANT

79. continues to build energy
creates an massive explosion called a supernova
spews energy into space becomes a nebula

80. Nebulas are clouds of gas and dust floating between the stars that are recycled to form new stars.

81. nebula gas

82. These clouds of gas and debris floating in space are called interstellar dust.

83. These clouds of dust get thicker as they combine together, form balls of energy, and over a span of thousands of years, form a new star.

84. nebula hydrogen gas

85. Wolf-ray nebula

86. ring nebula

87. nebula

91. Close up view
stars

93. plasma

99. BLACK HOLE
BLACK HOLES

100. formed from dying stars
when certain stars die they create a gravity around them
the gravity spins faster than the speed of light
Make a vacuum similar to a “tornado” that sucks anything too close into its spinning core

101. black hole

102. Asteroids are basically small planets that move in orbit around the sun.

103. Within the Milky Way, there is a huge collection of asteroids called an asteroid belt.

104. This belt is found in the space between two of our planets, Mars and Jupiter. This belt contains thousands of these asteroids

108. The largest asteroid known is Ceres which is about 640 miles in diameter.

109. Meteors are small, solid bodies that enter a planet’s atmosphere.

110. If a meteor reaches earth intact, it is called a meteorite.

112. There have been several craters in the world created by meteorites.

113. Meteor Crater in Arizona

115. Comets are small bodies that are characterized by a long, glowing tail.

116. Comets revolve around the sun and consist of dust and ice.

117. The tail of a comet is only visible as it passes in front of the sun and the reflected light makes the ice particles shine.

118. The main parts of a comet are the tail, nucleus, and the coma.

119. Comets are classified into two types, based on the length of the time it takes them to orbit around the sun once.

120. short period comets
(like Halley’s Comet) orbit the sun in under 200 years
long period comets take over 200 years to orbit the sun, even sometimes taking thousands of years

121. comet

123. Satellites are objects that revolve around a planet or star
Satellites are objects that revolve around a planet or star. Example: moon