1. GREAT! We won…
NOW WHAT?
RECONSTRUCTION: 1865 – 1877

2. The southern economy was crushed.
People had very different ideas about how to proceed.

3. What will happen with the 4 million freedmen?
Poor, uneducated, no skills other than farming, no food, no clothing, no shelter

4. - left freedmen uneducated and poor
Sharecropping – a system of farming in which a farmer rented land and provided labor in return for a share of the crop
- left freedmen uneducated and poor

5. Tenant Farming – “Rent” the land from the owner
Tenant Farming – “Rent” the land from the owner. Better, than sharecropping but still a miserable existence.

6. Freedmen's Bureau - federal agency designed to provide jobs, education, food, clothes and shelter for freedmen and whites in need.

7. Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan
- Like the Civil War didn’t happen
- Pardons to those who took oaths of loyalty
- Recognize Southern government when they abolished slavery and 10% of voters took loyalty oaths
GENERALLY SPEAKING: GIT R’ DONE

8. Lincoln assassinated April of 1865

9. 13th Amendment abolished slavery in U.S.

10. Lincoln’s V.P. was Andrew Johnson FORMER SLAVE HOLDER SOUTHERNER
could not control Congress

11. - Blacks could not own or rent
"Black codes"
- Limited the rights of Blacks - Mississippi barred interracial marriages (death)
- Blacks could not own or rent

12. “Radical Republicans” TOUGH on the South
South was divided up into 5 military districts
New state govt. must grant blacks right to vote
Prohibited Confederate officials from holding office
As a result, many state govt. in South were filled with
Republicans and African Americans!

13. Scalawags: derogatory term used to describe white southerners that supported the NEW Southern government

14. Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came South to aid in Reconstruction, but took advantage of the poor Southern condition. Known for their bags covered in carpet-like material which they filled with stolen goods.

15. 14th Amendment (1866) – defined citizenship and gave equal protection of the law

16. South can’t be part of Congress until 14th is passed
Whites went on a rampage killing hundreds of blacks killed

17. It was SO bad that in 1868 Congress impeached (charged) Johnson using the Tenure of Office Act which forbade the President from firing a member of the Cabinet. Johnson remained in office by ONE vote.

18. Gave black men the right to vote
15th Amendment
Gave black men the right to vote
"the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color or previous conditions of servitude."

19. Ulysses S. Grant – President in 1868 Filled with scandal
Weakened Republican Party and Reconstruction
As a result, most white Southern males voted Democrat (in reaction to the Republicans)
Democrats would dominate the South for the next 100 years

20. Samuel Tilden (Democrat) Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)
Election of 1876
Tilden wins popular vote - dispute about electoral vote
Compromise of 1877
A Republicans controlled commission created to investigate electoral problems gives election to Hayes.
Democrats go along with Hayes winning the election
IF:
- the federal troops are withdrawn from the South
- a Southerner is put in the Hayes cabinet
Federal $ was given to improve the South
END of Reconstruction
Samuel Tilden (Democrat)
Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)

21. Ku Klux Klan Things go back to the way they were before the Civil War.
Whites take over in South.
By the 1900’s, Black’s rights had been severally limited.
Ku Klux Klan

22. Literacy Tests must be able to read and write and pass a test to vote
Poll Taxes fee to vote
Literacy Tests must be able to read and write and pass a test to vote
Grandfather Clause – must be a son or grandson of a man eligible to vote in 1867 to vote

23. Plessy v. Ferguson legalizes
Jim Crow Laws that segregate public facilities
“Separate But Equal”