1. America Seeks Reforms in the Early 20th Century
The Progressive Era
America Seeks Reforms in the Early 20th Century

2. Origins of Progressivism
As America entered the 20th century, reformers addressed the problems of industrialization:
_________________
Environmental issues
Social welfare
____________________
___________________________________________

3. Goals of Progressive Movement
____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

4. Promote Moral Development
Some reformers felt that the answer to society’s problems was personal behavior. _______________________________________.
Groups wishing to ban alcohol included the ____________________________________________________________

5. Labor Unions and Laissez Faire
_______________________refers to a capitalist economy in which the government is ________ _____________________________
This led to many problems in the IR because the government did not regulate or monitor businesses
As a result, Socialism (an economy where the government regulates businesses and distribution of wealth) _____________________ ____________________________________________________________________
Debs will actually create the
_____________________________

6. Labor Unions
Along with creating the ASP, Eugene Debs formed the American Railway Unit to help railroad workers
Samuel Gompers created the American Federation of Labor – significant because it allowed ANYONE to be a member
A third popular labor union, the Knights of Labor, became the largest labor union in the country and often resorted to acts of violence to get its demands

7. Muckrakers Criticize Big Business
_____________________________________ _________, many writers saw the truth in certain criticisms
_____________________________________________________________________________________. Muckrakers famously uncovered Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company’s cut-throat methods of eliminating competition.
This type of journalism
also uncovered the
____________________

8. Changes in Government – Direct Election Of Senators
Before 1913, each state’s legislature had chosen U.S. senators. To force senators to be more responsive to the public, ______________ ________________________________________.
____________________________________________________________

9. Suffrage for Women ______________________________
First official national convention to discuss women’s suffrage
Led by _____________________________ ____________________, the movement continued well after the Civil War
Continued protests and conventions will lead to the __________________
_______________________________________________________________________

10. Theodore Roosevelt Becomes President
1901 – President William McKinley is assassinated and _________________________ _____________________________
Roosevelt immediately stepped in to try and change the government’s responsibilities to the people in regards to ___________________
_______________

11. Roosevelt’s Square Deal
Roosevelt came up with a program based on three different principles:
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
These are often referred to as the 3 C’s of the Square Deal

12. Anti-Trust Laws
Trust – __________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Roosevelt was determined to limit the power of trusts
___________________________– Prevents any business structure that restrains trade or business
In other words, it makes monopolies illegal
_____________________– Outlawed price fixing and expanded the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

13. “The Jungle” Leads to Food Regulation
After reading ____________ ______________, Roosevelt pushed for passage of the Meat Inspection Act of 1906.
________________________________________________________________________

14. Roosevelt and the Environment
Before Roosevelt’s presidency, the federal government paid very little attention to the nation’s natural resources. _______________________________________________________________________.
Film clip of Theodore Roosevelt