1. AIM: DO NOW: HW:

2. AIM: PERIOD 1 AND 6: WHAT IS WEATHERING. DO NOW: 1
AIM: PERIOD 1 AND 6: WHAT IS WEATHERING? DO NOW: 1. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS: A. RESISTANT B. WEATHERING HW: WEATHERING TAKE HOME QUIZ DUE THURSDAY . YOU MUST PRINT IT OUT!

5. What do These 3 Things Have in Common??
Statue
Grand Canyon
Sand Pile

6. WEATHERING

7. The physical and chemical processes that change rock.
What is Weathering?
The physical and chemical processes that change rock.

8. For weathering to occur, rocks must be exposed to:
AIR (atmosphere)
WATER (hydrosphere)
HUMAN AND/OR ANIMAL ACTIVITIES

9. Physical Weathering

10. What is Physical weathering?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces without changing the chemical nature of the rock.

11. Physical Weathering

12. Types of Physical Weathering

13. AIM: PERIOD 4 AND 9: WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF WEATHERING. DO NOW: 1
AIM: PERIOD 4 AND 9: WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF WEATHERING? DO NOW: 1. OPEN TO YOUR WEATHERING NOTES 2. WHICH MINERAL ON PAGE 16 IS MOST RESISTANT TO WEATHERING??? HW: WEATHERING TAKE HOME QUIZ DUE THURSDAY . YOU MUST PRINT IT OUT!

16. WHY DID THIS HAPPEN??

17. #1 Frost Action

18. Water seeps into cracks….
If it freezes it expands…..
Slowly breaks (wedges) rock apart
Cold and humid climates

21. Plant Action Tree roots grow into tiny cracks in bedrock…..
As the roots grow and expand they break rock apart….
The roots continue to dig deeper and continue the process.

22. Tree roots can damage pavement

23. Abrasion

24. Water causes large angular sediments to tumble into each other……
The angular edges are chipped off…..
The size of the rock decreases and it becomes rounded
Common in running water
“OR”
Wind blows sand against bedrock……
Less resistant layers are chipped away and it becomes angular and pitted
Wind abrasion in dry climates

25. ROUNDED
ANGULAR AND PITTED

26. Humans!!!!

27. Cute little animals!!!

28. If you increase the surface area, you will ____________ the rate of weathering

29. WHAT VISUAL DIFFERENCE DO YOU SEE BETWEEN THE WEATHERED AND UNWEATHERED SHALE?

30. Chemical Weathering

31. What is Chemical Weathering?
Rocks are broken AND the chemical composition is changed.

32. Types of Chemical Weathering:

34. Oxidation – Oxygen from air combines with minerals to form oxides = RUST

36. Red Sand has been oxidized

37. Oxidation of Statue of Liberty

38. Oxidation of Copper
When copper oxidizes, it turns a greenish color – called patina.

39. AIM: WHAT IS WEATHERING
AIM: WHAT IS WEATHERING ? (PART3) DO NOW: HW: WEATHERING TAKE HOME QUIZ DUE THIS THURSDAY

41. 2. Carbonation
Occurs when water containing carbonic acid dissolves minerals

42. Limestone Cave

43. What mineral in the limestone causes it to weather so easily
What mineral in the limestone causes it to weather so easily? How do you know this?

46. Stalactites
Stalagmites

47. 3. Pollution
Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen make rainwater unnaturally acidic.
= Acid Rain

49. 4. HYDRATION When water unites chemically with minerals
Example: Hornblende + Feldspar + water = CLAY

50. Dominates in COLD, MOIST climates
Physical Weathering:
Dominates in COLD, MOIST climates

51. Dominates in WARM, MOIST climates
Chemical Weathering:
Dominates in WARM, MOIST climates

52. What do they both have in common?
In general, when there is more MOISTURE, there is more weathering!

53. Shale Shale Shale Dolostone
Which rock is the most resistant to weathering?
Shale
Limestone
Sandstone
Shale
Sandstone
Shale

54. Which rock is the least resistant to weathering? Shale
Dolostone
Which rock is the least resistant to weathering?
Shale
Limestone
Sandstone
Shale
Sandstone
Shale

55. What could affect the rate of weathering? (HINT: PAGE 16 OF THE ESRT)

56. Mineral composition
Rock resistance (hardness)

57. What is the end product of weathering?
Sediments

58. The end result of weathering and biologic activity is:
SOIL

59. A B C D Soil Horizons: Bedrock
Top Soil - Rotting plants (organic) & finely weathered rock A B
Little organic material, partially weathered rock C
Partially weathered bedrock D
Bedrock

60. Transported & Residual
Soil Types:
Transported
&
Residual

61. Transported Soils:
Carried (by wind, water, humans) from location of parent rock

62. Most of N.Y. soil is transported by:
GLACIERS

63. Transported Soil

64. Residual Soil:
Remains on top of bedrock from which it was formed.

65. Therefore, similar composition to bedrock below (parent rock)