1. An – najah national university
Faculty of Engineering
“ Optimization of Electricity Consumption in Nablus West
Wastewater Treatment Plant”
Prepared by:
Oday Al-Faqeh
Ghossoun Hamdallah
Waed Juma
Sanad Waked
Ayman Khodairy
Summitted to :
Dr. Abdel Fatth Hassan
Dr. Abdelhaleem Khader

2. Agenda : Introduction Project objectives Characteristics of wastewater
Literature review and Methodology
Result, Conclusion and Recommendations

3. Introduction :
As a result of huge increase in population, the world start looking for another sources of water, and a continuous increase in quantities of WW.
This increase of WW lead to search for environmentally sound methods for disposal or reuse like WWTP.

4. Introduction :
serves the western area of Nablus and five neighboring villages(BeitWazan , Zawata, BeitEba, Qusin, DeirSharaf. Population 2007 = 321,000 capita Population 2020 = 471,000 capita Q in 2020 = 14,000 m3/day Q out 2020 = 10,000m3/day

5. Project objectives :
To perform optimization to all alternative power sources.
Choosing the best type of power in accordance with cost , availability and feasibility to use.

6. Layout of NW-WWTP

7. Israel control of electricity
Background:
income rate is low
Israel control of electricity
EXPENSIVE

8. Background : Alternatives carbonization Solar panel Methane gas
Wind energy

9. Characteristics of Wastewater :
Any sewerage systems needs standards and specification rules which must be implemented.

10. wastewater treatment criteria
WWTP
capable to treat the estimated wastewater quantities
Palestinian standards
allow future adjustment and expansion
outflow should be meet the standards of its end-use.

11. Wastewater characteristics for :Nablus WWTP
In Nablus west –WWTP, three are construction stages as Have been planned: Stage 1 with design horizon in Stage 2 with design horizon in Stage 3 with design horizon in 2035.

12. Wastewater characteristics for Nablus WWTP
Design influent wastewater characteristic for Nablus WWTP.
Concentration
(mg/L)
2020
2025
2035
BOD5
562
628
610
COD
1110
1256
1205 SS
648
733
703
Total Nitrogen
111
106
121
P total 18 17 20

13. Wastewater characteristics for Nablus WWTP
Nablus WWTP effluent standards.
Standard
2020
2025
2035
BOD5(mg/L)
≤20
≤10
COD(mg/L) --
≤70
SS(mg/L)
≤30
Total Nitrogen(mg/L)
111
≤25
Fecal Coli.(mL)
≤10/100

14. Wastewater characteristics for :Nablus WWTP
Design influent and effluent wastewater characteristic for Nablus WWTP in (1-28 /09/2013)
Variation
Design,2013
Current value
Q(m3/d)
11000
9400
CODin(ppm)
1100
989
CODout (ppm) 60 57
BOD5in(ppm)
550
494.6
BOD5out 20
11.44
TSSin (ppm)
500
448
TSSout(ppm) 30
20.59

15. Wastewater characteristics for Nablus WWTP
From the previous tables, we can say that the design process of NW-WWTP can produce effluent that meets the Palestinian Guide lines for wastewater reuse and the growth rate design is decrease with increase design period.

16. Wind Power:
The conversion of wind energy into useful form the energy such as wind turbines to generate electricity.

17. Do not produce any greenhouse emission
Wind Power:
Wind Power
Do not produce any greenhouse emission
Plentiful
Renewable
Clean

18. :Wind Power
In Nablus city the wind comes from south west in general and the average velocity of the wind is about 10 Km/hour yearly approximately 2.8 m/sec

19. Wind Power
Average speed=2.8m/sec

20. Wind Power:
When the wind speed is 2.8 m/sec, the power /area equals 45 W/m2 𝑈 𝑥 𝑈 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝑧 𝑥 𝑧 = ( 𝑍𝑥 3 ) 0.15 , then Zx = 71m

21. Solar power:
Solar power is the conversation of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaic (PV), or indirectly using solar power (CSP)

22. Solar Power A D V Solar energy is renewable sources of energy
Solar energy is clean sources V
The total amount that would be saved make the price of the panel seems small

23. Average solar radiation = 7.8 hr/day
Solar power
Average solar radiation = 7.8 hr/day

24. Assumptions: By using on grid type of solar panels
Average solar radiation =7.8hr/day
Power per one cell = 250 watt/hr
The cost of one cell =280$
The price of generator = – NIS
For 6000 m2 we can use 1800 cells.

25. Calculation
KW/d
(1800*250*7.8)/1000 =3510
Average total energy produced by solar cells $
1800 *280 = 504,000
Operational Cost
Approximately 620,000
Construction cost + grid equipment
KWh/d
8000/0.6842= 11,692
The total required electricity from Municipality
This means the solar panels power will produce about 30% of the total consumption of the of electricity.
Return period of the panels cost = (1,108,000/7)/620,000 =1.8 years.

26. Sludge
Total amount of sludge after digest in Kg Ds/d=6885

27. Improve soil quality and Productivity
Sludge
Beneficial uses of sludge
Improve soil quality and Productivity
Soil amendment in land scaping
Produce CH4
Land fill cover

28. Sludge Process Sludge Primary Sludge Secondary Sludge Primary Sludge

29. Biogas from Anaerobic digestion:
Methane
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Sulfide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen

30. carbonization
Sludge Carbonization is a process that converts sewage sludge to bio coal to produce gases and solid fuel.
A type of solid biomass that can partially substitute for coal during power generation.

31. Advantages of carbonization process
Small quantity of N2O generation.
Efficient utilization of thermal content of sludge.

32. Tube Furnace

33. Bomb Calorimeter

34. procedure
In order to convert the sample into coal under nitrogen gas, put it in tube furnace device for 2 hours at temperature of 450° C.
To measure energy content in (J/g) , put 58 g of the resulted coal in bomb calorimeter device.

35. Methodology

36. Calculation Every 1 Kg of sludge produces 2 KWh
Assume, 50% losses in energy
1Kg of sludge produces 1 KWh
/2 = KWh/d
/ = 60%

37. Data analysis STOAT modeling
STOAT, is the program that will be used for modeling purposes in treatment plant.

38. How to model the Treatment plant of STOAT?
Define inlet unit by input the characteristics of influent.
Mean influent pattern characteristic.
Value
Type
619.00
Flow (m3/hr)
15.00
Temperature (deg.C)
05.00
Volatile fatty acids (mg COD/L)
830.00
Soluble biodegradable COD
355.70
Particulate biodegradable COD
60.00
Volatile solids (mg/L)
70.00
Ammonia (mg/L)
00.00
Nitrates (mg/L)

39. How to model the Treatment plant of STOAT?
Define the ADM digester by fill the input data.
How to model the Treatment plant of STOAT?
WWTP model by STOAT

40. STOAT Modeling
Name and Dimensions Initial Condition Sewage Calibration data

41. Graph gas flow in m3/hr from ADM digester
STOAT Modeling
Graph gas flow in m3/hr from ADM digester

42. Summary statics for the gas flow in m3/hr
STOAT Modeling
Calculation:
1 m3 biogases produce about 6 KWh.
Working hour: 24
Then,
[ *6*24]/11692 = 63.5 ≈ 64%
Summary statics for the gas flow in m3/hr

43. Result and Conclusion Power Consumption
Power Consumption distribution in 2020

44. Result and Conclusion Power Alternatives
Percent of Energy for Alternative
Percentage (%)
Alternative 30
Solar panels 60
Carbonization of sludge
64calculated,65expected
Methane gas
Neglected
Wind
154%
SUM

45. Average reduce cost ($/d)
Result and Conclusion
Power Alternatives
Average reduce cost for Alternative
Average reduce cost ($/d)
Alternative
686
Solar panels
1371.5
Carbonization of sludge
1462.8
Methane gas
3520.3
SUM

46. Recommendation NW-WWTP can do the following:
[ ]: use solar cells to produce “30%” from energy total consumption.
[ ]: NW-WWTP can save 686$/day.
[ ]: use of other alternatives, methane gas and solid fuel, to save $/day.