1. Climate Change Adaptation in the 1854 Ceded Territory
RISING VOICES 6
4/11/18
Tyler Kaspar: Environmental Biologist
Tansey Smith: Climate Change Specialist
1854 Treaty Authority is an inter-tribal NRM organization. We protect and enhance off-reservation treaty rights and related resources for the BF and GP bands of Chippewa in the 1854 Ceded Territory.
Going to talk about the process and partnerships we used to develop our vulnerability assessment and adaptation plan and status of implementation.

2. Project Area
1854 CT, northeast MN, 5.5 million acres. Chippewa bands with off-reservation rights here are BF, GP, and FDL.

3. Approach Project Goal Collaboration Hired contractor assistance
Identified project team (meetings, calls)
Shared tribally collected data/information, collected outside information to fill gaps

4. Process Rapid Climate Assessment Vulnerability Assessment
Adaptation Strategies

5. Rapid Climate Assessment
1854 CT covers portions of two US (NOAA) climate divisions- NEM: MN Northeast ECM: MN East Central

6. TEMPERATURE CHANGES
When you look closer, overnight lows have warmed faster than daytime highs. E.g. Winter lows have warmed 2 degrees more than highs.

7. OBSERVED CHANGES
Changes in precipitation can have impacts. E.g. Increases in the intensity of extreme precipitation have been observed at the Cloquet (14.2%) and Grand Rapids (10.2%). No significant change in intensity or frequency of extreme precip events was detected for Duluth (remember, June 2012). Note: Analysis was done by GLISA

8. Projected Changes: Temperature
Spring
+3-4.5°F
Winter
+5-6°F
Annual
+4-5°F
Summer
+4-5°F
Fall
+4-5°F
Projected change in seasonal temperature for (compared to ) under an emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in emissions (A2). (Figure source: NOAA NCDC / CICS-NC).
-North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) climate model.

9. Projected Changes: Precipitation
Winter
+10 to 20%
Spring
+5 to +15%
Annual
+3 to 12%
Projected change in seasonal precipitation for (compared to ) under an emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in emissions (A2).Hatched areas indicate that the projected changes are significant and consistent among models. White areas indicate that the changes are not projected to be larger than could be expected from natural variability. In general, the northern part of the U.S. is projected to see more winter and spring precipitation, while the southwestern U.S. is projected to experience less precipitation in the spring. (Figure source: NOAA NCDC / CICS-NC).
Summer
0 to 5%
Fall
+10 to +20%

10. Vulnerability Assessment Process
Purpose: ID key resources and their vulnerability to climate change
Resource categories
Identify experts
Workshop: 10/20/2015
Follow-up calls
Resource categories, list of experts from each entity for each category.

11. Vulnerability Assessment
Over 30 species/groups/habitats, 11 were included in a workshop

12. Developing Adaptation Strategies
Goal: develop strategies for all resources, detailed strategies for a subset (11)
Workshop: May 10, 2016
Reviewed strategies
Five categories

13. Strategy Categories

14. Current Status: Implementation
Plan finalized in August, 2016
More information: /environment/climate-change.html
Hired Tansey Smith, Climate Change Specialist, to develop program and implement plan
Thank you Tyler. Neah nadavinien (My name is Tansey Smith). I want to give you a little background about myself and where I come from. I am originally from Northern Nevada. I am Western Shoshone, Paiute and Navajo. I am a member of the Reno-Sparks Indian Colony. What brought me to Minnesota is that I have been visiting my family in Northern Minnesota for the last several years and wanted to be closer, so here I am working on climate change adaptation with the 1854 Treaty Authority.

15. Climate Change Program
Conduct: Conduct outreach and education in relation to climate change impacts to natural resources
Conduct
Develop and implement: Develop and Implement a monitoring plan to assess impacts of climate change on natural resources
Develop and implement
Engage: Engage by expansion of partnership effort with other management entities
Engage
Implement and update: Implement and update Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Plan
Implement and update

16. Implementation: Review, Ranking, Prioritization
I will be talking about the Implementation Process, which was divided into 3 phases. I will highlight the current/future implementation project and conclude with next steps.

17. Current Implementation Projects
Wild Rice (Manoomin) Phenology
Sugar Maple Phenology
Moose Breeding Activity
Frog/Toad Calling
Temp Loggers
Rain Barrels
Ice Thickness
Climate Summary
That brings us to our current/future implementation projects:
Wild Rice (Manoomin) phenology or timing of nature’s events
Purpose is to monitor the growth stages of the wild rice
Receiving good information on ice on/off the lake
Waterfowl presence
Weather events
Harvesters on the lake
Sugar Maple Phenology
Have been connecting with sugar makers/harvesters
Met with Tribal Producer who is a Fond Du Lac Tribal Member, where their family has been harvesting for many generations. We learned about the ins./outs of a the sugaring business.
We also have connected with the Nett Lake School Sugarbush, which is a part of the Bois Forte Band community. There we learned the traditional Anishnaabe methods of harvesting maple sugar and learned about how the Anishnaabe were gifted maple sugar
Moose Breeding Activity
Set recorders out from Sept-Nov in two known browse sites to see if we could get some moose calls, so far I have heard 1
Frog/Toad calling-they are known for being the barometers of climate/clean water
Set the acoustic recorders out by 2 of our wild rice lakes in frog/toad habitat started April 1st this year-go till beginning of July
Temp Loggers-surface water temps, in 20 of our walleye assessment lakes, one logger/lake.
Rain Barrels-have given out 75 to Band members from Bois Forte and Grand Portage (helps reduce runoff and water use, most people use them for gardens).
Ice thickness- 10 lakes in 1854 CT, monthly Dec-April
Climate Summary- selected 14 existing weather stations in the Ceded Territory, where we have gathered information from Minnesota Climatology such as climate normals, temperature departures-rankings, and precipitation. We also include significant events such as storm surges and record making events.

18. Miigwech!! (Thank You) 1854 Treaty Authority 4428 Haines Road
Duluth, MN 55811
(218)