1. Formation, Mining, and Use of Minerals
Cornell Notes Page 133

2. Naturally occurring Inorganic REVIEW:
What do we know about how minerals are made?
(Think about the characteristics of minerals…)
Naturally occurring
Inorganic
NOT made by humans, plants, or animals!

3. How do Minerals form? In Magma and Lava
Minerals crystallize in the liquid rock.
Different Minerals begin forming crystals at different temperatures- this causes them to separate out into pure samples.

4. How do Minerals form? In Magma and Lava
If magma cools quickly, crystals don’t have time to grow.
The slower the magma cools, the bigger the crystal can grow!

5. In Water
Elements and compounds dissolved in water crystallize as the water evaporates

6. Why do we need minerals?
We eat minerals to stay healthy- iron, calcium, salt
We use minerals for building and construction- gypsum is used to make dry wall, iron is used to manufacture steel.
Minerals like copper and gold are used in appliances and electronics.

7. What are the two groups of Minerals?
Silicate Minerals
chemical composition with a combination of Silicon and Oxygen
 Quartz: SiO2
Quartz = SiO2

8. Nonsilicate Minerals
Do NOT contain a combination of silicon and oxygen.
Fluorite = CaF2
Ex.) Gold, Silver, Diamond, Copper

9. 45 seconds to Discuss…
How are Silicate Minerals and Nonsilicate Minerals different?

10. How do we get minerals?

11. Ore: type of rock containing enough minerals to be mined for profit.
How do we get
minerals?
Ore: type of rock containing enough minerals to be mined for profit.
Surface Mining
Open pits, surface coal mines, and quarries.

13. Subsurface Mining Passageways are dug into the Earth to reach the ore.
Minerals are located too deep to be mined with surface mines.