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Amphibians Review #1
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Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian eyes moist on land and closes to cover the eye when swimming under water. Nictitating membrane Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body enters the _________________ from the sinus venosus. Right atrium
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These are located in the frog’s skin and help to keep it moist
Mucous glands The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and sperm and eggs from the reproductive system before exiting the body. cloaca
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Frogs belong to the Kingdom : Phylum: Animalia Sub Phylum: Class:
Order: Animalia Chordata Vertebrata Amphibia Anura
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Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin, webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are called ____________________ Amphibians Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the _________________ Left atrium
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Respiratory organ found in the larval stage of amphibians
gills Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal cord and moving toward the nose. Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Optic lobes Cerebrum Olfactory lobes
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Thin fan-like membrane that holds the digestive organs in place.
mesentery The upper portion of the small intestine closest to the stomach is called the ___________________ duodenum
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Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging gases through the ______________
skin Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ____________________. arteries
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Match the brain part to its function:
Controls involuntary body organs ___________________ Higher thinking & learning _______________ Processes info about vision & hearing _______________ balance & motor coordination ____________ Processes info about smell _______________ Medulla oblongata cerebrum Optic lobes (tectum) cerebellum Olfactory lobes
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Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ.
lungs The eardrum in a frog is called the __________________ Tympanic membrane
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Name the body system for each organ:
oviducts kidneys olfactory lobes lungs Skin Reproductive Excretory Nervous Respiratory Integumentary/Respiratory
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Number of chambers in an amphibian heart
3 Tail-less amphibians like frogs and toads belong to the order _______________ Anura “An = without uro = tail”
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Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine.
Hormone made by the thyroid gland that controls metamorphosis Thyroxin Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine. liver
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The digestive organ where nutrients are absorbed from digested food.
Small intestine Frogs use positive pressure breathing. They move air in and out by raising and lowering the _______________________ Roof of their mouth
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Area of the brain for higher thinking that is responsible for learning, memory, and reasoning
cerebrum Small bone that extends between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear Columella
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Match the part with its function:
Make bile __________________ store bile __________________ place where bile is used __________________ respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ makes trypsin _________ liver Gall bladder Small intestine (duodenum) gills pancreas
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Conus arteriosus A valve in the _________________ prevents mixing of the high oxygen and low oxygen carrying blood Blood leaving the heart travels through the pulmonary ______________ to the lungs. arteries
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Match the part with its function:
Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys __________________ removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine __________________ removes worn out blood cells __________________ respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________ excretory organ in adult frogs _____________ liver kidneys spleen Skin & lungs kidneys
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Type of circulatory system in a frog Closed Open
stomach Acids in the _______________ helps to break down food.
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Match the part with its function:
Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood __________________ stores urine __________________ concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________ receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________ makes insulin and glucagon _________ kidneys urinary bladder Large intestine cloaca pancreas
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Conus arteriosus Sinus venosus Body organs RIGHTAtrium
Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system. Sinus venosus Body organs RIGHTAtrium LEFT Atrium Lungs Conus arteriosus Ventricle
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Name two respiratory organs in adult frogs
Lungs and skin external Fertilization in frogs is _______________ External internal
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Tell where each mouth opening leads to:
Eustachian tubes internal nares glottis gullet ears External nares Respiratory (lungs) Digestive (esophagus)
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Food stored in the _______________ is used during hibernation and estivation.
fat bodies The teeth located on the roof of the frog’s mouth between the internal nares are called __________________ teeth. vomerine
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Small sac located on the under the right lobe of the liver that stores bile.
Gall bladder TRUE or FALSE Blood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries is HIGH in oxygen. FALSE It’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
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Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog
Kidneys Process by which frogs lie dormant through the winter. hibernation
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Match the part with its function:
Covers eye under water __________________ stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________ Coiled portion of small intestine ________________ between duodenum and large intestine Pumps blood _______________ eardrum _____________ Nictitating membrane Fat bodies ileum ventricle Tympanic membrane
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Largest artery leaving the heart
Aorta Tell one way frog circulation is different from a fish Frogs: Fish: 3 chamber heart 2 chamber heart 2 loops loop
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Gradual change in form which occurs during the life of an amphibian
metamorphosis This organ makes, stores, and processes red blood cells spleen
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Openings in the roof of the mouth that connect to the external nares (nostrils)
Internal nares Ribbon-like structure located in the mesentery between the stomach and the upper intestine pancreas
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Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system that carry BOTH oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus Process by which amphibians lie dormant through a hot, dry season. estivation
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Explain how AMPLEXUS helps reproduction in frogs.
With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released at same time and in the same place so it increases chance of fertilization deuterostomes Frogs are _____________________ that deuterostomes protostomes means their blastopore becomes their _____________ mouth anus anus
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vertebrates Frogs are _________________. vertebrates invertebrates Thyroxin is made by the _________________. Thyroid gland
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Excretory organs in a TADPOLE
Kidneys & gills Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish BOTH: Closed circulation have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus ventricle pumps blood have arteries, veins, & capillaries
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SUBSTANCE MADE BY? FUNCTION? BILE TRYPSIN GLUCAGON INSULIN THYROXIN
Breaks down FATS LIVER Breaks down PROTEINS PANCREAS Causes cells to release stored glucose PANCREAS Causes cells to store glucose PANCREAS THYROID GLAND Controls metamorphosis
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The medulla oblongata controls
Higher thinking internal organs muscle coordination smell Internal organs The part of the systemic circulation in which blood circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called _________________ circulation. PULMONARY
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Number of loops in the circulatory system of amphibians
Region of the frog brain which receives info from the eyes is the _______________ lobe Optic Number of loops in the circulatory system of amphibians 2 loops; one to lungs and back one to body systems and back
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Organ which produces eggs
The blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs is the _______________ Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is called and what blood vessels that leave the heart are called! Pulmonary artery Organ which produces eggs Ovary
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Opening to the digestive system in the back of the throat
Gullet The circulatory system in which blood flows from the heart to the body systems and back to the heart is the ________________ circulation. Systemic
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Teeth located along the upper jaw
Maxillary Blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs in the _______________ __________. Pulmonary veins
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Match the function with the body part
Bone between eardrum and inner ear _____________________ Controls higher thinking, learning, reasoning, etc. ______________________ Vessels that carry blood away from heart ________________ nostrils _________________ Teeth on roof of mouth _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from lungs ______________________ columella cerebrum arteries External nares vomerine Left atrium
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Organ that produces sperm
Testes Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct
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LABEL THE PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Carries blood from heart to lungs and back to heart Carries blood to liver Carries blood to kidneys Carries blood to heart itself Carries from heart to body organs and back to heart PULMONARY HEPATIC RENAL CORONARY SYSTEMIC
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The portion of the brain closest to the spinal cord in a frog.
Medulla oblongata Eardrum in a frog Tympanic membrane
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Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca.
Structure where eggs are stored before being laid is the ______________ Uterus Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct
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These yellowish fingerlike structures store fat for hibernation and times with little food.
Fat bodies
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This reproductive structure in females makes eggs
ovary
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Match the function with the body part
Controls motor coordination & balance _____________________ Opening to lungs ______________________ Controls body organs ________________ Eardrum _________________ Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from body ______________________ cerebellum glottis Medulla oblongata Tympanic membrane gills Sinus venosus
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endocrine The thyroid gland belongs to the __________________ system.
During periods of extreme cold amphibians undergo a dormant time called ________________. endocrine hibernation
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These structures located near the kidneys make sperm
testes
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Digestive, excretory, reproductive
Name the 3 body systems that share the cloaca exit cavity. During hot, dry periods amphibians can undergo a dormant time called _________________. Digestive, excretory, reproductive estivation
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Match the function with the body part Makes bile _____________________
Stores bile ______________________ Makes trypsin & other digestive enzymes ________________ Protects the eye underwater ________________ Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ Receives sperm/eggs, urine, & digestive waste _________________ liver Gall bladder pancreas Nictitating membrane gills cloaca
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Match the function with the body part
Place where bile & trypsin are used _____________________ Upper part of small intestine ____________________ Coiled part of small intestine ________________ Absorbs nutrients ________________ Respiratory organ in adult frogs _____________ & __________ Small intestine duodenum ileum Small intestine Lungs skin
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cutaneous ________________ respiration involves breathing through skin. Adult amphibians release their nitrogen waste in the form of _______ which is diluted with water to make urine. urea
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Tell 2 things that have to change INSIDE a tadpole as it becomes an adult.
Switch from breathing with gills to breathing with lungs & skin switch from excreting ammonia to urea add a chamber to heart add a loop to circulatory system Switch excreting nitrogen waste through gills & kidneys to just kidneys
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THE END
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