1. Verbals and Verbal Phrases
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2. Verbal
A word that is often a verb and in verb form, but is not acting as the verb in the sentence.
It is acting as a noun or a modifier.
Candy looked tired yesterday.
Crying is lame.
subject
Adjective
verb
subject
verb

3. Gerund A verbal is a word that ends in ing and functions as a noun.
This can be used as a:
Subject
Direct object
Subject complement
Object of the preposition
Inventing can be dangerous.
Subject

4. Gerund Phrase
A gerund plus its modifiers and complements. A gerund phrase functions as a noun.
Writing Alice in Wonderland must have given Lewis Carol many good laughs.

5. Using Gerund Phrases
Underline the gerund phrase. Identify it’s function.
Calling the dog a pitbull is a mistake.
Harry’s error was creating the gooseberry flan.
I like watching romantic comedies.
The cat was responsible for eating three fish.
subject
Predicate noun
Direct object
object of a preposition

6. Participle
Verb form that acts as an adjective; participles modify nouns or pronouns.
There are two kinds of participles.
Present Participle
Always ends in ing
Creaking eerily, the door swung open.

7. Participle Past Participle Often ends in –ed.
Needs to be the past tense of the verb.
Can also end in –d, -en, -t, or –n.
Examples: used, beaten, dealt, or seen.
The deserted building was old and decrepit.
Fallen bricks blocked the entry.

8. Participle Phrase
A participial phrase consists of a participle plus any modifiers and complements of the participle.
The entire phrase modifies a noun or pronoun

9. Participle Phrase They noticed a girl lurking in the dark shadows.
Frightened by the sight, they stopped cold.

10. Participle Practice
Identify the participle phrase and what it modifies.
Carrying a pile of papers, he walked very carefully.
The earrings dangling from her ears caught the attention of the baby.
Mangled in the wind storm, the trampoline could not be fixed.

11. Gerund, Participle, or Verb?
What’s that scampering sound?
It’s the scampering of rodents.
Mice are scampering beneath the floorboards.
Identify the participle, gerund, and verb.
participle
gerund
verb

12. Infinitive Boston is a place some people want to visit.
A verb form that consists of the word to and the base form of a verb.
It may function as a:
Noun
Adjective
adverb
Boston is a place some people want to visit.

13. Infinitive Phrase An infinitive plus its modifiers and complements.
To believe in life on Mars is common.
Mel might use my car to drive to Manhattan.
I took time to read an old book of healing remedies.

14. Infinitive Boston is a place some people want to visit.
In a sentence an infinitive may function as a:
Subject
Direct object
Subject complement
Adjective
Adverb
Boston is a place some people want to visit.
Direct Object

15. Infinitive Phrase An infinitive plus its modifiers and complements.
To believe in life on Mars is common.
Mel might use my car to drive to Manhattan.
I took time to read an old book of healing remedies.
subject
adjective
adverb

16. Using Infinitive Phrases
subject
To colonize Mars is a real possibility.
Scientists write about new discoveries to share their ideas.
My dream is to live in a large, green house.
Even the police believe the old deserted house to be inhabited.
adverb
Predicate noun
adjective

17. Infinitive Phrase or Prepositional Phrase?
Infinitive = to + verb
To see
To pick up
Preposition = to + noun
To us
To Sandy

18. Infinitive Phrase or Prepositional Phrase?
Prep Phrase
Of all the planets, Mars is most similar to Earth.
It was easy to imagine creatures on Mars.
Would you like to travel to Mars?
I prefer to go to libraries for information.
Infinitive
Infinitive
Prep Phrase
Prep Phrase

19. Good luck on the practice!
Now, Take Your Practice!
Good luck on the practice!