1. United States joins the war
Ch. 13 Sec. 3
United States joins the war

2. Not everyone agreed with FDR’s pro-Allies position
Not everyone agreed with FDR’s pro-Allies position. A loud debate soon raged between isolationists and interventionists.
Photo of Edward R. Murrow pg. 783 2

3. He highlighted four freedoms precious to Americans. freedom of speech
As conditions worsened overseas, Roosevelt described what was at stake in an address to Congress.
He highlighted four freedoms precious to Americans.
freedom of speech
freedom of worship
freedom from want
freedom from fear
Poster photo pg. 787
All of these freedoms, he argued, were threatened by German and Japanese militarism. 3

4. In the early days of the war, Congress declared neutrality
In the early days of the war, Congress declared neutrality. But as the war raged on in Europe, the United States began to take steps to support Europe’s democracies.
The Neutrality Act of 1939 contained a cash-and-carry provision favoring the Allies. (Pay for goods and pick up at American ports)
The Selective Service Act provided for a military draft.
FDR agreed to give Britain battleships in exchange for defense bases.
Congress approved the building of new warships
Photo of Edward R. Murrow pg. 783 4

5. Congress then took another step to aid the British.
The Lend-Lease Act, symbolically numbered 1776, amounted to an economic declaration of war.
United States would send weapons to Britain even if they couldn’t pay for them 5

6. In 1941, Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic Charter, deepening the alliance between the two nations.
German submarines began to fire on American ships supporting the Allies.
Roosevelt ordered the navy to attack the U-boats on sight.
FDR and Churchill photo pg. 786
War seemed inevitable. 6

7. Discussion ?’s
How does United States involvement differ now days?
Why does it always seem that isolation ism doesn’t work?
Should the United States have been looked upon to help countries that had let such leaders into power?

8. Pearl Harbor

9. Tension between Japan & U.S.
Japan had taken control of more territory in the Pacific
United States refused to give Japan access to oil resources
Negotiations were useless, Japan had been planning for months to attack

10. The Attack on Pearl Harbor- December 7, 1941
Defenses
U.S military planners believed an attack on Pearl Harbor was possible.
Forces at the base were unprepared to defend it.
No single commander was in charge.
Routine defensive steps were not in place.
The Attack
On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked.
Aircraft carriers approached the island of Oahu.
War planes loaded with bombs and torpedoes left the carriers and destroyed American ships and planes.
The attack lasted 2 hours.
The Aftermath
All 8 battleships were damaged; 4 were sunk.
Nearly 200 aircraft were destroyed.
Some 2,400 Americans were dead.
Japan lost only a handful of submarines and fewer than 30 planes.

11. 11

13. After the attack, the United States declared war on Japan.
Japan’s allies, Germany and Italy, then declared war on the United States.
After the attack, the United States declared war on Japan. 13