1. Westward Migration and Urban Immigration
Objective 4.01: Compare and contrast the different groups of people who migrated to the West and describe the problems they experienced.

2. States and Capitals Quiz THURSDAY
Remember it’s cumulative: you’ll have all 21 from last time.
Next seven states:
Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota
3 of these 6 public officials:
US Senators from North Carolina
US House of Representatives Congressman from your district (1st)
North Carolina State Senator representing your district (4th)
North Carolina House of Representatives delegate from your district (32nd)
Governor of North Carolina

3. Do Now
Your knowledge from Unit 2 tells you that the U.S. became a much larger country – more land and more people -- between
Imagine you are a Warren County resident in 1850 – would you be willing to leave to go west or go to big Northern cities? Say yes or no and explain why you would or would not go.

4. Migration/Immigration Difference
Migration – Americans moving to a new place in the U.S.
Immigration – people from foreign countries moving here
How does this make westward migration and urban immigration different?

5. I. Westward Expansion

6. A. Reasons for Westward Expansion
Religious/Political
Mormons went to escape religious persecution.
Economic
Biggest reason people went west.
Gold Rush
Search for gold to make money.
Homestead Act
Free land for settlers to develop farms.

7. B. Challenges Very difficult trip – many died or turned back.
Lack of resources
No trees, so they had to build sod houses.
Not very much water for crops or drinking.

8. Primary Source Analysis
“The O’Kieffes faced a new environment that lacked many things that people in the East took for granted, including easy access to water and wood for building a house. Without trees to use as timber, they built their house from chunks of sod, densely packed soil held together by grass roots. To obtain water, the family had to drill a well 134 feet deep and operate the pump by hand.” –adapted from Western Story: Recollections of Charley O’Kieffe What problems did the O’Kieffes face?

9. Primary Source Analysis
Describe this picture in a sentence.
What problems does it seem that these people face?

10. C. Unique Experiences Women Did household work and farming
Created a sense of community
African-Americans
Often worked as cowboys/cowhands or U.S. soldiers
Immigrants
Moved west to work on the transcontinental railroad – developed the West

11. II. Immigration
Objective 5.01: Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life.

12. A. The “New” Immigration
: 25 new million immigrants
From countries like Greece, Italy, Serbia, Russia – not just Western Europe
Came here for better opportunities
Most come into Ellis Island in New York City

13. B. Culture Shock Very different culture for immigrants
Nativism: Americans who disliked outside influences and immigrants.
Melting pot: immigrants should try to become American
Cultural pluralism: Keep customs and contribute to American culture

14. C. Immigrant Lifestyle Had ethnic communities
Worked in sweatshops - low wages and long hours
Heavy use of child labor

15. C. Immigrant Lifestyle
What do these images tell you?

18. C. Immigrant Lifestyle
Awful housing conditions – “tenements” for multiple families
Crowded, lots of diseases
lack of running water, heat and toilets
Dumbbell tenement – little light or ventilation, lead to major health problems
Known as urban slums.

19. Independent Practice
Imagine you are a new immigrant to the United States writing a letter back home to family in eastern Europe.
Write a 6-8 sentence paragraph describing what your experience in America has been like so far. Use information from today’s class to shape your paragraph.

20. III. African-American Segregation
Objective 7.03: Evaluate the effects of racial segregation on different regions and segments of the United States’ society.

21. A. Denying the Vote
Southern states passed laws to keep blacks from voting
Poll taxes – African-Americans couldn’t afford $2.00 tax
Literacy tests – few former slaves could read
“Grandfather clause” – used to keep poor, illiterate white people voting
If you had an ancestor who could vote before 1867, you could vote

22. B. Jim Crow Laws Segregated public places – bathrooms, water fountains
Informal social rules – blacks were expected to pay additional respect to white people

23. C. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Homer Plessy (1/8 black) refused to leave railroad section designated for “Whites Only”
Says segregation is illegal (13th and 14th Amendments), takes case to Supreme Court
Supreme Court decision: Segregation is lawful as long as locations are “separate but equal”

24. C. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Impact: “separate but equal” applies to all parts of society: schools, restaurants, and all public facilities

25. Exit Ticket
1) Which of the following describes the most pressing reason that sent pioneers west? a. They went because they loved freedom. b. They went because they wanted to extend slavery. c. They went because they were seeking a better economic life. d. They went because they wanted to spread Christianity.

26. Exit Ticket
2) Which of the following statements accurately describes urban slums?
a. They tended to consist mostly of native born citizens who discriminated against immigrants.
b. Because they were located in the heart of the city, they tended to be well kept due to the amount of public funds spent on their upkeep.
c. While the slums were often dirty, they were not nearly as bad as the tenements that tended to occupy the areas surrounding the cities.
d. They tended to consist of large numbers of tenements, be impoverished and have poor sanitation that led to disease.

27. Exit Ticket
3) Which of the following would be supported by the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson? a. It is ok to have separate schools for blacks and whites, so long as both have qualified teachers. b. It is illegal to separate people by race because it violates the spirit of the Constitution. c. African-Americans cannot be denied the right to vote. d. De facto segregation is acceptable based on law.

28. Exit Ticket
4) How were the experiences of people migrating westward and people immigrating into urban areas similar and different?