2. Attitudes and Perceptions
Chapter 3
Attitudes and Perceptions
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3. Learning Outcomes
After completing this chapter, the student should be able to:
Appreciate the importance of attitudes to understanding behavior.
Understand the three components of attitudes.
Understand how attitudes can be changed.
Understand how perceptions allow individuals to simplify their worlds.
Understand the four stages of the perception process.
Understand social perception and the various subgroups.
Understand the importance of using objective methods for employee selection.
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4. What is an Attitude?
An attitude is a mind set or tendency to act in a particular way due to both an individual’s experience and temperament.
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5. Tri-Component Model of Attitudes
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6. Cognitive Dissonance
Any inconsistency that a person perceives between two or more of one’s attitudes or between one’s behavior and attitudes.
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7. How are Attitudes Formed?
Learned
Modeling
Experiences
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8. Changing someone’s attitudes takes time, effort and determination!
Changing Attitudes
Address the cognitive and emotional components
Provide new information
Changing someone’s attitudes takes time, effort and determination!
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9. An individual’s perception is his/her reality!
Perception is the process by which individuals interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world.
An individual’s perception is his/her reality!
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10. Perception Process
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11. Attribution Theory
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12. Social Perception
How an individual “sees” others and how others perceive an individual.
Halo effect
Contrast effect
Projection
Stereotyping
Pygmalion effect
Impression management
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13. Employee Selection
Identify key invariant qualities of individuals that match up well with the demands of the position and the culture of the organization.
Skills
Character
Motivation
Attitude
Leadership potential
Personality
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