1. BIODIVERSITY
Def.- The total number of different species (plant/animal, etc…)within a given area
Best Places for biodiversity-
Rain Forests
Worst places for biodiversity-
Major Cities

2. Carrying Capacity
Def.- the number of organisms of ONE species that an area can support
An area can only have so many major predators
Why?
-not enough food
-not enough space to live

3. Population Growth Within a given species, the population will grow
constantly provided
that there is:
-enough food
-enough space
-no major disasters
---# OF SPECIMENS -
---TIME-

4. VANISHING SPECIES
Due to loss of habitat (degradation) and some over-hunting of certain species
Threatened Species
-def- a species that is rapidly decreasing
examples: African elephants, Panda Bears
Endangered Species
-def- a species that has populations close to extinction
examples: Black Rhino, Manatees, California Condor

5. VANISHING SPECIES (CONTINUED)
Extinct Species
-def- a species that no longer exists on the planet
examples: Dinosaurs, Do-Do bird, Tasmanian Tiger
Exotic Species
-def- A species that is not indigenous to an area (not supposed to be there)
examples: Zebra mussels and Goby fish in Lake Erie

6. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Tundra
-located north of the timberline
-too cold for tree growth
-grasses and mosses on ground
-animals present:
-reindeer, polar bears, flies
-where in North America?
-extreme Northern Canada

8. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Taiga
-also called the Boreal Forest or
Coniferous Forest
-not quite as cold as tundra
-dominated by pine trees
-animals present:
-moose, black bear, wolves
-where in North America?
-Alaska, Most of Canada

10. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Deciduous Forest
-dominated by hardwood trees
-Maple trees, Oak trees
-animals present:
-deer, squirrels, rabbits
-where in North America?
- Ohio and eastern U.S.

12. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Grasslands
-not enough rainfall for trees to grow
-land covered by tall grasses
-animals present:
-prairie dogs, bison, antelope
-where in North America?
-Kansas, Missouri, middle U.S.

14. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Deserts
-extremely low rainfall
-very few plant species
-cactus, thin bushes
-animals present:
-reptiles, scorpions, spiders
-where in North America?
-Texas, New Mexico, Arizona

16. Types of Habitats (Biomes)
Tropical Rain Forest
-extremely high rainfall
-lots of biodiversity in plant AND
animal-life
-soil too thin for growing crops though
-tree canopy prevents good
ground cover growth (mostly
fern growth)
-where in North America?
-Southern Florida, Mexico

19. Special Adaptations for Species
Adaptations are essential for survival in an environment
Two basic types of adaptations:
a.) Offensive adaptations
-help capture food
b.) Defensive adaptations
-help avoid getting eaten by predators

20. Offensive Adaptations
Special mouth parts to capture prey
especially seen with insects, spiders and crustaceans
-example: rhinoceros beetle,
tarantula, mosquitoes and crayfish

21. Defensive Adaptations
Camouflage
-Cryptic coloration
-blend in the environment
examples: pepper moth, stick
bug, leaf beetle, flounder fish
Stinging Appendages
-bees, flies, wasps

22. Ex. Monarch butterfly vs. Viceroy butterfly
Batesian Mimicry
-look like something
else living that is
harmful
Ex. Monarch butterfly vs.
Viceroy butterfly
Ex. King snake
vs.
Coral snake
BAD
GOOD

23. Additional Adaptations
Bioluminescence
-def- an organisms ability to
generate its own light
(chemical light)
-examples:
-lightning bug
-angler fish

24. Warning Coloration
Def- the ability of an organism to warn off potential predators with the use of bright colors.
-examples:
Coral snake
Poison arrow frog
Monarch butterfly
Garden spider
Lion fish