1. Confucianism, Legalism & Daoism
Origins and Beliefs

2. Confucianism was founded by Confucius in the 5th-6th century BCE It is: A world view A philosophy A political ideology A code of ethics a scholarly tradition A way of life

3. Confucius mastered the six arts: ritual, music, archery, charioteering, caligraphy and arithmetic He was a teacher, a scholar, and was very upset by a lack of morality in society.

4. Confucian symbol for 'Scholar'
Confucianism may be understood as an all-encompassing way of living. It may entail: ancestor reverence and a profound human-centered religiousness. East Asians may profess themselves to be Shintōists, Daoists, Buddhists, Muslims, or Christians, but, by announcing their religious affiliations, seldom do they cease to be Confucians.

5. Confucius was a scholar who valued antiquity and historical traditions
Confucius was a scholar who valued antiquity and historical traditions. He advocated for a ritualized life. He believed that humanity's roots, or basic needs, were belonging and communication. He valued the cumulative power of a culture and idealized civilizations as great preservers of tradition and history.

6. The "RUjia" or "scholarly tradition" is what Chinese people call Confucianism. It was rooted heavily in the concepts of: A civilized world Feudal rituals Ethical and religious powers Mandate of Heaven "tianming"

7. The Mandate of HeaVEN – Tianming tIAN - hEAVEN ENVISIONED BY THE zHOU Dynasty The Mandate of Heaven was similar to the divine right of kings, in that it asserted the cosmic power of the emperor as a benevolent ruler chosen willingly by the gods. Mandate of Heaven stressed benevolence and believers knew that lineage would not guarantee their kingship. Gods could revoke emperorship from bad emperors.

8. Dynastic Cycle

9. The Analects ARE cONFUCIAN TEACHINGS assembled by Mencius Jen – goodwill, empathy, generosity
Yi – rightness, duty as guardians of nature and humanity
Li – right conduct and propriety, demonstrating your inner attitude with your outward expressions
Chih – wisdom
Hsin – faithfulness and trustworthiness

10. Chinese Confucians honoring their ancestors
The five Relationships Each must be reciprocal, with shared respect and obligation.  Father > Son RULER > CITIZEN HUSBAND > WIFE OLDER BROTHER > YOUNGER BROTHER Older FRIEND > Younger FRIEND This is known as Filial Piety (Respect your elders and your family)
Chinese Confucians honoring their ancestors

11. Organizing principles of Confucianism 1. Status 2. AGE 3. GENDER

12. Discuss the following Confucian Phrases "Knowing what he knows and knowing what he 
doesn’t know, is characteristics of the person
who knows."
"Making a mistake and not correcting it, is 
making another mistake."
"The superior man blames himself; the 
inferior man blames others."
"To go too far is as wrong as to fall short."

13. Legalism -  Adopted during Qin and Sui dynasties, made  by Han Fei Humans are naturally selfish. Law is the supreme authority and punishment will keep Human nature in check. The ruler must rule with an iron fist. War is essential to strengthening your power.

14. Daoism A traditional Chinese religion
Daoism A traditional Chinese religion. Naturalistic/Animalistic Created by Lao Zi
"Those who speak know nothing:
Those who know are silent.”

15. Dao is the first cause of the 
universe. It is a force that flows through 
all life.
A believer’s goal is to become one with nature.
Wu wei
“Let nature take its course.”
“The art of doing nothing.”
“Go with the flow!”
Man is unhappy because he lives according to man-made laws.

16. Yin (Black) Feminine, passive, darkness, cold, weakness, EArth:moon yANG (wHITE) Masculine, Active, Light, Warmth, Strength, Heaven:Sun This is the heavenly balance. In Daoism balancing all of these characteristics is essential to haPPINESS.

17. Basic principles of Daoism Avoid conformity
Basic principles of Daoism Avoid conformity. Ignore social and political law Avoid formal education Rely on your senses and instincts.