1. Volcanoes Key Question: Where are volcanoes distributed
and what is their cause?
To Start: Use UG
How may volcanoes are active on Earth?
How many erupt beneath oceans?
Define dormant / active / extinct.

2. Describe the pattern of volcanoes?
The larger the triangle the more violent the eruption

3. TASK: Now compare your maps, where do most active volcanoes occur?
Plate Boundaries
TASK: Now compare your maps, where do most active volcanoes occur?
EXTENSION: What plate boundary do they not occur at?

4. Volcano Distribution Map
Volcano Names
Laki =
Nevado Del Ruiz =
Mauna Loa & Kiluea =
Mt St Helens =
Kilimanjaro =
Chaiten =
Montserrat =
Mt Unzen =
Description of pattern: B C G H A E D F

5. Mauna Loa & Kiluea, Hawaii Kilimanjaro, E. Africa Chaiten, Chile
TASK: Using your tectonic notes make a presentation in pairs to explain the causes of the volcano you have been given.
Volcanoes
Laki, Iceland
Mauna Loa & Kiluea, Hawaii
Kilimanjaro, E. Africa
Chaiten, Chile
Mt Unzen , Japan
Margin
Mid Ocean Ridge
Hotspot
E. African Rift
O-C Collision
O-O Collision

6. Constructive Plate Margins
Features/landforms:
Mid-Oceanic Ridges
Transform Faults
Rift Valleys
Step Faulting
Fissure Eruptions
Shield Volcanoes
“Red” Volcanoes
Basaltic Lava
Lava plateaux with stepped profile
Pillow Lava
Shallow Focus Earthquakes(SFQ)
Magnetic Stripes
Processes:
Sea-Floor Spreading
Decompression Melting
Rifting
Faulting
Tasks:
To present to an audience (using images) an explanation of how the features and landforms found at constructive plate margins are formed by the processes operating there.

7. Destructive Plate Margins: Oceanic-oceanic
Features/landforms:
Oceanic Trench
Benioff Zone
Cone-shaped volcanoes
“Grey” volcanoes
Shallow, Intermediate & Deep Focus Earthquakes
Andesitic Lava
Island Arcs
Viscosity of Lava
Processes:
Subduction
Partial/Hydration Melting
Rising Magma
Slab Pull
Tasks:
To present to an audience (using images) an explanation of how the features and landforms found at oceanic – oceanic destructive plate margins are formed by the processes operating there.

8. Destructive Plate Margins: Oceanic-continental
Features/landforms:
Oceanic Trench
Benioff Zone
Cone-shaped volcanoes
“Grey” volcanoes
Shallow, Intermediate & Deep Focus Earthquakes
Andesitic Lava
Volcanic chain
Viscosity of Lava
Processes:
Subduction
Partial/Hydration Melting
Rising Magma
Slab Pull
Tasks:
To present to an audience (using images) an explanation of how the features and landforms found at oceanic-continental destructive plate margins are formed by the processes operating there.

9. Intra-Plate Margins: Hot Spots Features/landforms: Processes: Tasks:
Basaltic lava
Fissure & shield volcanoes
Island chain
Viscosity of lava
Rate of movement
Hot spot
Processes:
Sea-floor spreading
Mantle plume
Partial melting
Tasks:
To present to an audience (using images) an explanation of how the features and landforms found at oceanic – oceanic destructive plate margins are formed by the processes operating there.