1. Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis
George.V.J
Deputy Director
Disaster Management Institute
Bhopal

2. Objective
Describe the nature and behaviour of several hazard types.
Explain the process of hazard assessment at the district level
To understand process of assessing disaster vulnerability
To understand the concept of capacity and various tools that are used to assess the same for district disaster management planning

3. Hazard
Hazard is an event or occurrence that has the potential for causing injuries to life and damaging property and the environment

4. Purpose of Hazard Assessment
The purpose of hazard assessment is to specify the nature and behaviour of the potential hazards and threats people face

5. Major Hazards known from MP Prespective
Earthquakes
Floods
Epidemics
Industrial Hazard
Drought
Hailstorm
Pest Attach
Conflicts

6. Possibility of New Hazards
Climate change
Economic Situation
Industrialization
Social unrest
New forms of Epidemics –AIDS, Bird flue etc.

7. One hazard Causing a secondary Hazard
Floods: epidemics, snake bite.
Drought: Epidemics, famine
Earthquake: Landslides, industrial disasters
Civil war: Refugees, displacement, epidemics

8. Factors to consider in understaning the nature and behaviour of hazards
Origin
Factor/s which create, result in hazard. Can be natural or man-made
Warning signs and signals
Scientific &indigenous indicators that hazard is likely to occur
Forewarning
Time gap between warning signs and the impact of hazard.

9. Factors to consider in understanding the nature and behaviour of hazards
Force: factors that make the power of hazards, e.g. intensity and magnitude of an earthquake.
Speed of onset
Rapidity of arrival and impact
Frequency
Time related patterns of occurrence of hazards

10. Factors to consider in understanding the nature and behaviour of hazards
Seasonality: Occurrence of a hazard in a particular time of the year.
Duration: Hazard’s presence in a time scale.

11. Hazard Matrix Hazard type Origin Warning signs Forewarning
Speed of onset
Frequency
Seasonality
Duration
Flood
Rain river overflow
Rainfall duration, intensity, quantity, speed of wind, temperature, movement of animals etc.
Relatively short but can vary from a few hours to few days
Can often be predicted a few days in advance
Seasonal
Wet/monsoon season
Days/weeks

12. Origin or causes of Hazard
Hazards
Origin/causes
Floods
River and coastal rising of water due to intense rainfall
Drought
Rainfall deficit over long time periods
Epidemic
Rise in parasitic infections due to exposure to toxin
Earthquake
Shaking of earth by the waves below the earth’s surface

13. Some important points to consider in Hazard Assessment
Look at scientific and statistical data
Approach other knowledgeable sources/people
Understand the various intensities of the same hazard.

14. Tools for Hazard Assessment
Hazard Map
Historical profile
Seasonal calendar

15. Vulnerability Assessment
Vulnerability is a set of prevailing or consequential conditions which adversely affect people’s ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for and respond to hazardous events
Identifying what elements are at risk and why (root causes)

16. Types of vulnerability
Physical/ material
Social/organisational
Attitudinal/motivational
Tools
Social Mapping
Resource Mapping
Gender Analysis
Secondary data.

17. Capacity Assessment
Capacities are strengthens and resources which are present in individuals, households and the community/sub-divisional/ district level which enable them to prevent, mitigate, prepare for cope with or quickly recover from a disaster

18. Categories of capacities
Physical/Material
Cash, land, tools, food, Access to Credit.
Social/ organisational
Social Network, extended family, local and state level welfare institutions
Attitudinal/Motivational
Sense of control, power, capabilities etc.

19. Understanding people’s previous experiences with hazards that enabled them to develop coping strategies.
Analyzing which resources are available and used by the community to reduce risk, who has access to these resources and who controls them.
Through capacity assessment, the community’s coping strategies and resources, which are available for disaster preparedness, mitigation and prevention are identified.

20. Tools for capacity Assessment
Social Mapping
Resource Mapping
Gendered Resource Mapping
Wealth Ranking etc.