1. Volume Control in fluid distribution systems
UBCLQT-40-3
Building & Engineering Systems Performance

2. References
C. Parsloe (2008), Variable flow pipework systems, CIBSE KS07
Arnold Teekaram & Anu Palmer (2002), Variable-flow water systems - Design, installation and commissioning, BSRIA AG16/02
BRECSU (1996), GIR41: Variable flow control, Carbon Trust
BSRIA (1991), Commissioning VAV systems in buildings, BSRIA AG1/91
C J Parsloe, (1999) Variable speed pumping in heating an cooling circuits, BSRIA AG14/99

3. Pumps: fixed speed performance

4. Control of pumps – 20% reduction in flow

5. Control of pumps
The pump laws

6. Control of flow: variable flow circuits
The best energy-saving options are:
vary pump speed based on the pump differential pressure and using an integral speed control characteristic designated by the pump manufacturer
vary pump speed to maintain pressure constant at system extremities (using remote differential pressure sensors).

7. Option 1: integral pump speed controller

8. Option 2: constant pressure control using DPR

11. Flow measurement & regulation
Fixed orifice FMD
Variable orifice FMD
Fixed orifice FMD + DRV

12. Constant flow regulator
Variable flow controller

13. Differential pressure control valve (DPCV)

14. Combination valve

15. Return temperatures

16. Constant head pump

17. VSD pump to maintain constant head

18. VSD pump with differential pressure

19. Bodle-Orchard circuit for variable volume heating system

20. Bodle-Orchard circuit for primary/secondary variable volume heating system

21. Fan control Damper Inlet vane Eddy current coupling
Variable pitch axial
Multi-speed motor
Inverter (PWM)
Switched reluctance drive
Variable voltage

22. VAV systems

23. VAV system commissioning

24. VAV system: Basic design information