1. Canada in the 1920’s & 1930’s
Boom & Bust

2. The Vote Prejudice & racism
Global political events impacted perspective
The Dominion Elections Act set rules for voting
Manitoba, 1916 succumbs to pressure to allow women to vote
The Persons Case – challenge to the BNA Act, 1867

3. The Vote
Provinces & municipalities created Acts that prevent Japanese, Chinese, and Hindus from voting
At Confederation, first peoples had to give up their treaty rights and Indian Status if they wanted to vote
First Peoples participation in WWI was impetus for push for voting rights

4. The Rise of the Union
People angry about how economy changed during the war
Capitalism vs. socialism/communism
Winnipeg General Strike in 1919
Citizens committee made up of business owners worked with the gov't
NWMP sent in to squash it
Some strike leaders were arrested, some went on to political careers
Strike itself seen as unsuccessful; long term effects are positive

5. URBANIZATION Corner of Yonge & Adelaide – 1922
Building streetcar tracks

6. Toronto in the 1920s

7. Toronto in the 1920s

8. Royal York Hotel in the 1920s
Urbanization
Royal York Hotel
today
Royal York Hotel in the 1920s

10. CONSUMERISM & BUYING ON CREDIT
Beginning of disposable income & credit
Faith in the economy
Banks began to lend money
Borrowed for big items, trading on stock market

11. Simpson’s
The T. Eaton Co.
The Bay

12. The T. Eaton Co.

13. The T. Eaton Co.

14. The T. Eaton Co.

15. CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Buying on credit
Companies stock piling goods
Ties to American economy
World commodity prices rise
Inflation
Stock market crash of 1929 (Black Tuesday)

16. THE GREAT DEPRESSION Stock market crash of 1929
Many people bought using borrowed $
People sold their stocks en masse
Crash in NYSE

17. THE PRAIRIES & THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Price for wheat drops
Less international demand for resources
Drought
Grasshoppers

18. THE PRAIRIES & THE GREAT DEPRESSION

19. THE MARITIMES & B.C.: THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Reliance on fish & lumber
Increase in unemployment rates

20. William Lyon Mackenzie King
SEARCHING FOR ANSWERS
Federal Leadership:
Arthur Meighen
Conservative Party
Federal Leadership:
1926
R.B. Bennett
Conservative Party
Federal Leadership:
William Lyon Mackenzie King
Liberal Party

21. QUEBEC + Maurice Duplessis
Championed farming and rural areas
Wanted a strong Catholic church in the lives of Quebecors
Anti-union
Padlock Act – communism, dissent, religious minorities
The Great Darkness
Premier of Quebec:
1936 – 1939;

22. Immigration
Was higher during the 20s and dropped drastically during 30s
Highest numbers of immigrants were still from Britain & U.S.
Hutterites, Mennonites, Doukhobors settled the west
Blacks from the U.S., people from India, China, & Japan were discouraged from immigrating
Immigration policies, voting rights, civil rights
Doukhobors of B.C.

23. Potlach Ceremony in Northern B.C.
The Indian Act
Gave Canadian gov’t sweeping powers over Native peoples
Determined rights and benefits based on “good moral character”
Overall purpose = assimilation
Residential schools
Banning the potlatch
Amendment to Indian Act in 1927: cannot hire a lawyer or bring about land claims without gov’t consent
Potlach Ceremony in Northern B.C.

24. Mohawk Institute Residential School (AKA “The Mush Hole”) Brantford, ON; 1831 - 1970