1. Seasons & Lunar phases
Chapter 11 Lesson 1

2. Seasons are caused by two things
Earth’s tilted axis.
Earth’s orbit (revolution) around the sun.

3. Points in the same direction all year
Earth’s Axis
Tilted at 23 degrees
Points in the same direction all year

4. Revolution vs. rotation
Revolution around sun causes years
Rotation on axis causes day and night

5. Equinox-sunlight shines equally on the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.
Solstice-Sunlight at a max in one hemisphere and a minimum in the other (shines unequally).

6. June solstice Around the 21st –begins in summer
The Northern Hemisphere gets more sunlight.
The North Pole is tilted towards the sun.

7. Around the 21st – begins in the winter.
December Solstice
Around the 21st – begins in the winter.
The Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight.
The North Pole is tilted away from the sun.

8. Equinoxes September Equinox- around 21st- begins fall
March Equinox-around 21st-begins spring
The Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere get equal sunlight
Sunlight is centered on the equator.

10. The Moon’s Orbit One revolution around Earth = 28 days.
Rotates on its axis at the same rate as it orbits so the same side is always facing Earth.
Gravitational force causes the moon to orbit Earth; this force depends on their masses and how far apart they are from each other.

11. Far side of the moon: side never visible from Earth.
Near side of the moon: side is always visible from Earth.

12. Lunar Phases Waxing Moon = growing Moon Waning Moon = shrinking Moon
Gibbous Moon = Moon that is more than half lit
Crescent Moon = Moon that is less than half lit
New Moon = near side is dark
Full Moon = near side is fully lit

14. Lunar Phases

15. Eclipse: occurs when a shadow makes the Sun or Moon look dark

16. Lunar Eclipse Occurs as the Moon passes into the Earth’s shadow
A total eclipse occurs once the Moon moves into Earth’s Umbra (the darkest part of Earth’s shadow)

17. Solar Eclipse
Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and Sun and the Moon casts a shadow on Earth