1. Maps
Ch. 1 Lesson 1

2. What is a Map? A map is a flat model of Earth
What are some maps you use?
-Road maps
-Trail maps
-Weather maps

3. Map Views Most maps are drawn in map view
Map view – drawn as if you were looking down on an area from above Earth’s surface
This can also be called plan view

4. Map Views
Profile view- drawing that shows an object as though you were looking at it from the side

5. What are the 2 types of map views?
Map view (plan view)
Profile view

6. Map Legends
Map legend- a key that lists all the symbols used on the map
So you can interpret the symbols and what they mean

7. Map Scales
Map scale- the relationship between a distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground

8. 1cm on the map = 1km on Earth
Map Scale Example
What does the written scale on this map mean?
1cm on the map = 1km on Earth

9. Map Scale Example The graphic scale
Which scale would you use to measure the distance between the rivers along route 192?
The graphic scale

10. Map Scale Example
If State Street is 6.1cm long on the map, how long is it on Earth?
6.1km

11. Longitude
Longitude is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian

12. Longitude
The prime meridian and the 180* meridian combine to divide Earth into east and west halves, or hemispheres.

13. Latitude
Latitude is the distance in degrees north or south of the equator
Unlike longitude lines of latitude are parallel

14. Time Zones
Time zones were created to make travel, communicating, and doing business easier in all locations
A time zone is the area on Earth’s surface between two meridians where people use the same time
There are 24 time zones and 24 hours in a day

15. Time Zones

16. Time Zones

17. International Date Line
The line of longitude 180* east or west of the prime meridian is called the International Date Line.

18. International Date Line
Because one’s location can’t have 2 different times on the same day, the day changes as you cross the date line.
If you cross from east to west, it is the day before
If you cross from west to east it is the next day

19. Map Projections A globe is a sphere like Earth
However, maps are flat, so Earth’s features are distorted (changed)
So how do we make a flat map into a globe?
We make a projection!

20. There are 2 Map Projections
Cylindrical Projections
Conical Projections

21. Cylindrical Projections
Like a cylinder around the globe
This type of map represents the equator (middle of Earth) well
The poles are enlarged and not represented well

22. Conical Projections This is like wrapping a cone around the globe
The conical projection has little distortion near the line of latitude where the cone touches the globe, but is distorted elsewhere0

23. All Projections Are Distorted
All types of projections distort the shapes observed on a sphere.
This happens when you transfer a spherical image to a flat map.