1. Euler’s Vision of Newton’s Laws of Motion
Vre
Vae U
Vri
Vai

2. Axial Flow Turbine U
Vre
Vae U
Vri
Vai
Inlet Velocity Triangle

3. The Francis Turbine

4. The Francis Runner
Traditional runner
X blade runner

5. Radial Inflow Turbine

6. Centrifugal Pumps

7. Confusion to use Euler Equation
Jet can lose/gain power both by Impulse and Reaction.
Jet can lose/gain power by travelling only in axial or only in radial or from radial to axial direction.
Jet can lose/gain power both by centrifugal/centripetal or aerofoil effects.
One important and essential accessory in all these cases is the nedd of an initial flow velocity i.e.,
Demands the design of a nozzle.
How to select among impulse/reaction?Or Degree of Reaction?
How to select the direction of flow?
Do I need centrifugal or aerofoil effects?

8. P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department
A General Empirical model for Selection of Right Features for A Turbo-Machine
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Empirical Tools for Development !!!

9. In search of A Suitable Principle of Momentum Exchange
Primary characteristics of a source or need.
The cause/effect: Head, H (m) or Dp
The Capacity: Discharge Q (m3/s) or Power, P (kg.m2/s3 ).
Natural Parameter: Acceleration due to gravity: g (m/s) (for Hydraulic machines)
Density of fluid: r(kg/m3).

10. A Matching Parameter for the Euler’s Machine with Resource
For hydraulic power generating machines
For hydraulic power consuming machines
For compressible power Generating fluid machines
For compressible power Consuming fluid machines

11. Machine-Fluid Matching Parameter:
For compressible power consuming fluid machines

12. Step by Step Elimination of Fundamental Dimensions

13. Take j = -3/2

14. Take i = 1/2 & j = -3/4
Time demand by resource fluid

15. Time Scale of a Machine to Resource
Speed: N (rpm) or n (rps) of a turbo machine:
This is named as Specific Speed, Ns

16. Machine-Fluid Matching Parameter:
For compressible power consuming fluid machines
For incompressible power consuming fluid machines

17. Selection of Speed of A Turbo Machine
The impact of Nationalism…….

18. Importance of Specific Speed
A pump with a given flow geometry and momentum transfer principle

19. Specific Speed Vs Flow Geometry
Mixed
Centrifugal
Axial