1. Madi, Anumita, Carlos, and Annika
Phagocytes
Madi, Anumita, Carlos, and Annika

2. What are Phagocytes? Eukaryotic Cells in the human body
Protect the body from pathogens by the process of Phagocytosis
Part of the inflammatory response
Derive from stem cells in the bone marrow
Move by a method called Chemotaxis

3. What do Phagocytes do?
“Eat up” or “Engulf” pathogens through Phagocytosis
Use the proteins from the pathogens previously engulfed to protect the body from future pathogens
They help initiate an immune response

4. Neutrophils White blood cell
50%-80% of all white blood cells in the body are neutrophils
Mediate immune responses against infectious microorganisms
Travel to the site of infection through a process called chemotaxis
Granules on the cell contain various agents for killing microbes
Release enzyme Kallikrein
catalyzes Bradykinins (promote vasodilation)
Short Life Span (Few hours - Few days)

5. Eosinophils White Blood Cell Mediate Allergic Responses
1-4% of WBC’s
Mediate Allergic Responses
Digest cellular debris and pathogens tagged with antibodies; can attack larger pathogens like parasites via exocytosis.
Used in many inflammatory responses, especially allergic reactions

6. Macrophages Located in Strategic Locations around the body.
Are produced during the differentiation of monocytes.
Rid the body of old cells, present antigens, and regulate immune responses.
An amoeba like cell capable of identifying, surrounding, engulfing, and digesting pathogens.
Activated by cytokines (cell signaling proteins)

7. Monocytes Produced by Bone Marrow.
Biggest type of white blood cell in the immune system.
Help to protect against diseases and other infection.
They have the ability to become Macrophages before they attack any germs in the body.
When in the form of a Macrophage, they consume and kill any harmful bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

8. Dendritic Cells Antigen-Presenting Cells
process antigen material and present it on the surface of the T-cell
Act as messengers between the two immune systems
Present in tissues in contact with the external environment
Process antigen material and present it on the cell surface
Found in the skin, nose, lungs, stomach, and intestines

9. B-Lymphocyte White Blood Cells 10-20% of Lymphocytes are B-Lymphocytes
Create and Secrete Antibodies
Once Presenting Antibodies, called “Plasma Cells”
Mature in Bone Marrow
Mediate Humoral Immunity (Production of Antibodies)

10. How do Phagocytes contribute to immunity?
Phagocytes have receptor cells to respond to invading cells
Once “connected” to the invading cells, the Phagocyte will “engulf” the pathogen by completely surrounding the pathogen
Once “engulfed”, the pathogen is is inside the cell in a vesicle, called a phagosome
Lysosomes dump their contents into the vesicle, which breaks down the pathogen into proteins, molecules, and peptide chains
The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) protein presents the peptide chains onto the cell’s surface for specific immunity proteins to respond to

11. Bibliography
"Defenses of the Body - Innate Defenses." Defenses of the Body - Innate Defenses. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar
"The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses." The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar
"The Innate Immune System: Phagocytosis - An Overview." The Innate Immune System: Phagocytosis - An Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar "The Human Immune System." The Human Immune System. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar
"Chapter 21 -The Immune System." Chapter 21 -The Immune System. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar
"Study.com -." Study.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar
“Neutrophil | Leukocyte." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 02 Mar