1. Unit 12: Solutions Section 1: Properties of Solutions
Solution Formation
Rate of Dissolving

2. Can it be physically separated?
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
yes no
Can it be physically separated?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be chemically decomposed? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element

3. A. Solution Formation Solution - homogeneous mixture
Solute - substance being dissolved
Solvent –
dissolving medium (dissolver)
(present in greatest amount)

4. A. Solution Formation Types of Solutions: Solute Solvent Example Gas
Air (O2 & CO2 in Nitrogen)
Liquid
Water in Air
Soda
Vinegar (acetic acid in water)
Solid
Salt in water
Stainless Steel (Cr & Ni in Iron)

5. Why does stuff dissolve?
IMAFs between solute–solute
solvent–solvent
must break
Greater solubility:
IMAFs between
solute–solvent
must form
stronger IMAFs solute–solvent

6. A. Solution Formation

7. A. Solution Formation Electrolyte:
Ionic compound that separates into ions in water to form a solution that conducts an electric current - +
salt
NaCl
H2O
NaCl (s)  Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

8. A. Solution Formation Non-Electrolyte:
Molecule whose aqueous solution does not contain ions and does not conduct an electric current. - +
sugar
C12H22O11

9. B. Rate of Dissolving Solids dissolve faster... more surface area
(small particle size)
1 gram of sugar solute
1 gram of sugar solute

10. B. Rate of Dissolving Solids dissolve faster... more surface area
(small particle size)
more stirring

11. B. Rate of Dissolving Solids dissolve faster... more surface area
(small particle size)
more stirring
high temp.

12. B. Rate of Dissolving Gases dissolve faster... no stirring
high pressure
low temp.

13. Please complete WS Solutions

14. Unit 12: Solutions Section 1: Properties of Solutions Solubility
Factors Affecting Solubility

15. Solubility in 100 g of Water at 20oC
C. Solubility
Solubility
maximum mass of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature
Solubility in 100 g of Water at 20oC
Compound
Solubility (g)
Table Salt
(NaCl)
36.0 g
Baking Soda (NaHCO3)
9.6 g
Table Sugar
(C12H22O11)
203.9 g
(0.62 mol)
(0.11 mol)
(0.59 mol)

16. Solubility Curves 1) Highest solubility at 20oC? 30oC?
2) How many grams KClO3 at 70oC ?
3) Is 50 g of KCl at 50oC sat, unsat, or supersat?
30 g of NaCl at 30oC?

17. less solute than max dissolved more than max solute dissolved
C. Solubility
UNSATURATED
less solute than max dissolved
SATURATED
max solute dissolved
SUPERSATURATED
more than max solute dissolved
concentration

18. less solute than max dissolved more than max solute dissolved
C. Solubility
UNSATURATED
less solute than max dissolved
SATURATED
max solute dissolved
SUPERSATURATED
more than max solute dissolved
Add a seed crystal
concentration

19. less solute than max dissolved more than max solute dissolved
C. Solubility
UNSATURATED
less solute than max dissolved
SATURATED
max solute dissolved
SUPERSATURATED
more than max solute dissolved
concentration

20. less solute than max dissolved more than max solute dissolved
C. Solubility
UNSATURATED
less solute than max dissolved
SATURATED
max solute dissolved
SUPERSATURATED
more than max solute dissolved
Extra solute crystallizes
concentration

21. D. 3 Factors Affecting Solubility
Temp.
Pressure
high T:
solids more soluble
low T:
gases more soluble
high P:
gases more soluble

22. similar IMAFs dissolve
D. Factors Affecting Solubility
Polarity:
“Like Dissolves Like”
similar IMAFs dissolve H H H C C C H C C C
C6H14 H H H
H2O
CCl4

23. D. 3 Factors Affecting Solubility
Polar –Polar
Polar –Nonpolar

25. Quick Quiz.
1) For a given substance, which of the following will NOT influence
how fast it dissolves?
A) temperature
B) amount of agitation
C) molar mass
D) size of the crystals

26. Quick Quiz. 3) The solubility of a gas in a solvent is affected by?
A) both temperature and pressure.
B) only pressure
C) only temperature
D) your face

27. Quick Quiz. 4) Polar water molecules will NOT dissolve…
A) polar alcohol molecules
B) most ionic compounds
C) nonpolar fat molecules
D) partially ionized acetic acid molecules