1. Interactive Notebook Setup
9/19/2017
Greek City-States
This will be one page

2. Background
City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment

3. The Aegean Area
Ancient Greece included the Balkan Peninsula & small rocky islands in the Aegean Sea

4. Background 3/4 of Greek mainland = mountains
Protected Greeks from foreign invaders/attackers
Kept Greeks isolated from other communities
Prevented Greeks from uniting under one government
Between the mountain ranges = fertile plains good for farming

5. Background Mild climate So people spent much of their time outdoors
Meetings held in public squares
Teachers met students in public gardens
Actors performed in open theaters

6. Background
Despite lack of government -- Greeks spoke same language & practiced same religion (polytheistic)
Greeks turned to the seas to earn a living --> no place in Greece is more than 50 miles from a coast

7. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
Each polis developed independently, but shared certain features with other city-states

8. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
City-States called polis
Polis included: a city and the surrounding villages, fields, and orchards
At the center of the city = an Acropolis = fortified hill
On top of Acropolis = temple of the local god or goddess
Foot of Acropolis = the agora = public square

9. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
EXAMPLE: ATHENS
Athens had major trade markets, for local and international trade
Athens build major temples to attract pilgrims of religious worship
Athens was the governing center of its polis

10. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
Citizens = those who took part in government
Could vote and hold public office
Could speak for themselves in court
Could own property
In return: expected to serve in government and protect the polis

11. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
Most Greeks were NOT citizens
Slaves, foreign-born, and women couldn’t be citizens

12. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
Public square was political center of the polis
Citizens gathered there to choose officials, pass laws, etc.
Artisans & merchants did business there

13. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
Increase in population after the “dark ages” --> farmers couldn’t grow enough grain to feed everyone
Each polis sent out groups of people to set up colonies
Colonists sent grain back to the “parent city”

14. Greek Colonies & Trade 600s BCE individual city-states coined currency
Began producing textiles (cloth) and pottery

16. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
500 BCE BCE city-states were oligarchies or democracies
Oligarchy = a few wealthy people hold power
Democracy = government by the people
2 most famous Greek city-states:
Athens = democracy
Sparta = oligarchy

17. City-States Characteristics/Accomplishment
The Greeks believed the world to be rational & guided by natural laws that dictated order
Art/Architecture reflected their values of symmetry, rationalism, and proportionality
Greek statues and painting do not so much depict an individual person as they do celebrate an ideal form

18. Ionic: Temple of Athena Nike – Acropolis Athens c. 427 BCE

19. Architecture
Doric

20. Doric: Parthenon - temple of Athena Parthenos
Architecture
Doric: Parthenon - temple of Athena Parthenos

21. Parthenon
Architecture

22. Parthenon
Architecture

23. Doric: Temple of Athena
Architecture
Doric: Temple of Athena

24. Doric: Temple of Hera

25. Corinthian

26. The temple of Zeus at Athens Detail

27. Architecture
Delphi

28. Archaic: Kouros

29. Early Classical 3: Kritios Boy, c. 480 B.C.E

30. Polyclitus Doryphoros (Spear carrier) 440 BCE

31. Polyclitus (Roman Copy)