1. The Factors that Affect Climate ©Mark Place, 2009-2010

3. Identify five factors
that affect climate
and explain
how each
affects climate.

4. Latitude

5. As latitude ________, the average annual temperature _________.
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude ________, the average
annual temperature _________.
increases
decreases
0° Latitude °
Temperature

7. Closeness to Large Bodies of Water

10. Water __________ the temperature. _______ summers. _______ winters.
How does closeness to a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature.
_______ summers. _______ winters.
moderates
Cooler
Warmer
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).

11. Orographic Effect

13. Orographic Effect

14. The leeward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive much less precipitation
The windward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive a great deal more precipitation

15. Windward Side: ___________ Leeward Side: _____________
How does the
Orographic Effect
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________
Leeward Side: _____________
cool, moist
warm, dry

16. Elevation

18. We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
Elevation
Page 14 of the ESRTs
We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
with elevation.

19. During summer, temperature is strongly controlled by elevation -- cold at the higher reaches of the Alaska and Brooks Ranges, and warmer in the lowlands.

20. As elevation _________, the average annual temperature __________.
How does elevation
affect climate?
As elevation _________, the average
annual temperature __________.
increases
decreases
Elevation
Temperature

21. Ocean Currents
ESRT Page 4

22. Describe the ocean current off of the coast of California.

23. Describe the ocean current off of the east coast of South America.

24. Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate

25. Climate Abundant Orographic Effect Evapotranspiration
Complete Vocab Maps
Climate
Abundant
Orographic Effect
Evapotranspiration

26. climate notes Sun's Energy & Climate Change ©Mark Place, 2009-2010

27. According to the graph below, what wavelength of energy does the Earth
Sun's Energy & Climate
According to the graph below,
what wavelength
of energy does the Earth
receive in the greatest intensity?
visible light

28. which absorbs ultraviolet (UV)
Sun's Energy & Climate
Name the primary gas
which absorbs ultraviolet (UV)
from the sun.
ozone

29. Why is the ozone layer important?
Sun's Energy & Climate
Why is the ozone
layer important?
It protects the Earth from UV which damages crops and
causes cancer in humans.

30. Name the three primary gases
Sun's Energy & Climate
Name the three primary gases
which absorb
infrared (IR) energy
CH4
H2O (g)
Carbon
dioxide
methane
water vapor

31. Why is it warmer on a cloudy night than on a clear night?
Sun's Energy & Climate
Why is it warmer on a
cloudy night than
on a clear night?
Clouds (H2O vapor) absorb IR energy radiated by the Earth. On a clear night, the IR energy escapes back into space.

32. Explain the greenhouse effect. Include a diagram which shows the
change in wavelength.
Apply It

33. Don’t leave me in the car on a warm, sunny day.

34. Ozone Greenhouse Effect
Complete Vocab Maps
Ozone
Greenhouse Effect

35. Climate Change

36. Ice Ages

37. what triggers an ice age
Ice Ages
Ice Ages are cyclic.
The last one occurred
~12,000 years ago
The exact cause of
what triggers an ice age
is not known

39. El Niño
A warming of the
Pacific Ocean.
Winters:
West = Stormy
South = Cold, wet
Northeast = warmer

40. La Nina
Normal
El Nino

43. A cooling of the Pacific Ocean.
La Niña
A cooling of the Pacific Ocean.
Dry in southeast. Cool, wet in northwest.

46. Titanic

47. The Gulf Stream

48. Average global temperatures are increasing (level lately).
Global Warming
Average global temperatures
are increasing (level lately).
Glaciers are melting in the north.
Ocean levels are rising.
Warming is natural.
Humans could be
speeding up the process
through increased levels of
carbon dioxide (CO2)

49. This is how the global warming people read the data.

50. This is how the non-global warming people read the data.
There is also some data that suggest that CO2 levels rise because it is released by the bubbles trapped in the melting ice.

52. Mountain Glaciers

54. Report: Antarctic Ice Growing, Not Shrinking
NEWSCORP AUSTRALIAN PAPERS
Published April 18, 2009
A composite map of Antarctica SHOWING AREAS OF GREATEST WARMING IN RED. THE WILKINS ICE SHELF LIES OFF THE PENINSULA IN THE TOP LEFT CORNER.
FOX News

57. Deforestation Depleted
Complete Vocab Maps
Deforestation
Depleted