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PARTSMake Up theWHOLE! Notes to Teacher: It may be advisable to open the class with something such as “we’ll be learning about Legos” to peak students’ interest.
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EVER PLAY WITH LEGOS? Legos are made of different pieces, or components. The pieces are parts, and they make up a whole toy! Week 1 (slides 2-4) Notes to Teacher: Conduct a discussion with the students regarding Legos and/or other construction toys and what creations they can or have made with them.
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You can then take the toy apart, and build something else!
Notes to Teacher: At this point, conduct the Lego activity with students and allow them to build freely. Depending on what the students build, choose videos from the list such as showing an assembly line if students build robots or vehicles, and a building being constructed if students build houses or skyscrapers, etc.
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Matter means stuff. It’s everything around you.
Atoms are tiny things that make up all matter. JUST LIKE LEGOS! Notes to Teacher: Matter consists of all material in the universe. Atoms are basic building blocks of matter that consists of neutrons, protons, and electrons, the former two of which are in turn made of quarks.
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If you connect many atoms together to make up what are called molecules.
Note to Teacher: Molecules are made of atoms that are chemically bonded together to form a new homogenous material with brand new chemical qualities. At this point, play the video on atoms and molecules. This concludes material for the first week.
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A monomer is a molecule that is able to bond in long chains.
Like the beads in a bead necklace! Week 2 (slides 6-9) Notes to teacher: Monomers are small molecules which may be joined together in a repeating fashion to form more complex molecules called polymers. Examples of monomers are hydrocarbons such as the alkane, alkene, andalene (homologous) series. Amino acids are natural monomers, and polymerize to form proteins. Glucose monomers can also polymerize to form starches. This information may be optionally introduced to students. At the conclusion of this slide, introduce the beads activity.
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A polymer can be made up of up to thousands of monomers!
Poly- "many" mers- “parts” Polymer means many parts! Note to teacher: A polymer may be a natural or synthetic macromolecule composed of repeating units of a smaller molecule (monomers).
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Polymers can be natural
Polymers can be solid, squishy, sticky, bendable. notes to teacher: Man-made polymers are created with a goal in mind, such as to create a better tire, but the technology that led to being able to make specific polymers usually came with discoveries that allowed scientists to use specific molecules in different ways. Polymers can be natural Or, they can be synthetic (man- made).
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Why are polymers important?
Polymers make up our DNA and proteins! Can you imagine what life would be like without these things? notes to teacher: Polymers are important for example synthetic materials such as those used for making plastics that make up many of students’ items, synthetic fabrics in many articles of clothing, and polythene bags. Proteins are polymers made from monomers, namely amino acids. 1- polyethene in shopping bags, 2-nylon in suitcases, purses, school bags, 3-polyvinylchloride inwaste pipes, electric wiring pipes, 4-polyvinylacetate in plastic bottles, in utensils etc. A lot of the things around us are made of polymers! Even your own backpack!
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How do we form polymers? Polymerization Many monomers connect. Bonds
These are like strings that tie together the monomers. Week 3 (slides 10-11) Notes to teachers: Polymerization-Process that forms polymers through the bonding of monomers Bonds-Connections between monomers that hold the polymer together Reactions-processes that occur to help form bonds to connect monomers and could potentially give structural changes
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Polymers can be SCARY! hazardous polymerization
This is the same thing as polymerization, but this makes explosions! catalyst They can make polymerization really fast, but this can be very harmful. Notes to teacher: Hazardous Polymerization-A type of dangerous polymerization which could lead to fires and explosions. Catalyst-Material that speeds up the reactions by lowering activation energy
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Physical Changes You can have physical changes.
These are different because they can be reversible. An Example is the melting of ice! Week 4 (sides 12-13) Notes to Teacher: Before this slide, introduce and conduct the freezing / cooling activity. Shifting between various phases of water that is determined by its temperature does not chemically alter water molecules.
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Some other physical changes are:
Cutting paper (you can always tape it back together!) Pouring a glass of OJ Notes to Teacher: Any change that can be reversed through physical means is a physical change. Moreover, some changes that are not necessarily reversible (such as breaking an egg or a vase) are nevertheless physical changes since they do not alter chemical compositions. The standards call for students to understand temperature-based changes that are reversible and irreversible, and this would be a good place to conduct a discussion with the class to brainstorm more changes that fit these criteria, be they chemical or physical, as both a learning and a review activity.
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Chemical Reactions In a chemical reaction somethings is changed into another thing. The substances are called reactants or reagents. Week 5 (slides 14-16) Notes to Teacher: Before beginning, introduce and conduct the silly putty activity and discuss results with students Chemical reactions cause irreversible breakage, formation, or rearrangement of various bonds.
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Chemical reactions are changes that cannot be reversed.
For example: Burning paper “combustion”, you can’t un-burn it. Notes to Teacher: Combustion is the scientific term for the process of matter burning - an exothermic chemical reaction that releases energy through an oxidant. Fires are visual side effects of these reactions.
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