1. Puberty and Adolescence
Chapter 10
Puberty and Adolescence

2. Puberty and Adolescence
Puberty or preadolescence (11–14 years)
Begins with the development of secondary sex characteristics
Ends with onset of menses and production of sperm
Characteristics
Rapid physical growth
Changes in body proportions
Development of primary and secondary sex characteristics

3. Common Frustrations in Puberty and Adolescence
Wishing for independence while needing supervision
Concerned about changing appearance
Seeking acceptance while confused by peers
Struggling to achieve while accepting more responsibility
Fluctuating between adult and childlike impulses
Balancing a demanding schedule while needing increased rest and sleep

4. Puberty and Adolescence
A transitional period beginning with sexual maturity and growth and ending with emotional maturity
Major characteristics
Stormy emotions
Feelings of insecurity
Introspection
Experimentation and learning
Testing values and beliefs

5. Physical Characteristics
Puberty
Height and weight
Development of sex characteristics
Primary
Secondary

6. Physical Characteristics (continued)
Adolescence
Height and weight
Muscle and bone development
Development of other body systems

7. Vital Signs
Pulse
Respirations
Blood pressure

8. Developmental Milestones
Motor development
Sexual development
Concerns
Sexually transmitted diseases
Teen pregnancy
Rape

9. Psychosocial Development
Puberty
Adolescence
Erikson’s task: Identity
Ambivalence

10. Psychosocial Development (continued)
Emotions
Dating
School and work
Friendships
Experimentation
Testing boundaries
Discipline

11. Cognitive Development
Piaget: formal operational thought
Formal reasoning
Scientific reasoning
Problem solving
Abstract thinking

12. Moral Development Early adolescence: Kohlberg’s conventional level
Moral reasoning based on earlier learned principles of right and wrong
Later adolescents begin to question everything and to try out their own code of ethics
Some develop a sense of spiritual awareness

13. Communication Increased language and vocabulary skills
Express thoughts and beliefs
Use language common to group, culture, and time

14. Nutrition Rapid growth results in need for increased
Calories
Protein
Minerals
Vitamins
Screen for high cholesterol
Eating habits affected by time pressure and peers

15. Nutrition (continued)
Concerns
Food fads
Dieting
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia

16. Sleep and Rest Need for adequate sleep—8 hours
Inadequate sleep and rest leads to
Irritability
Poor school performance
Health problems

17. Exercise and Leisure Exercise Leisure Helps maintain good health
Encourages social interactions
Strengthens and builds muscles and endurance
Leisure
Part-time jobs are common

18. Safety Common accidents Motor vehicle crashes Sporting accidents
Firearm injuries and deaths
Homicides

19. Health Promotion Maintain regular medical check-ups
Routine vision and hearing tests
Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol

20. Special Concerns
Depression
Substance abuse

21. Chapter Challenge Define ambivalence
Distinguish between primary and secondary sex characteristics
Name the common health concerns for this stage of development