Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Ancient Rome (509 BC-476 AD)
2
I. Ancient villages along the Tiber River form the city of Rome in the 700’s BC, Romans were very influenced by the Greeks
3
A. Roman Government- established world’s first republic- democratic government in which people vote for representatives to run the government & vote in the Senate
4
Roman Architecture
5
ARCH OF TITUS
6
Senatus Populusque Romanus (Roman Senate & People)
7
Roman Latin Alphabet A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z
8
Countries that use the Latin Alphabet
9
1. Republic establishes highly disciplined and organized army divided into legions, each with 6,000 soldiers
10
The Roman Legions
12
Spoils of War
13
2. By 265 BC, Romans controlled all of Italy, began expansion into Mediterranean
14
Roman Emergence
15
B. By 55 BC, Julius Caesar conquered Spain, Britain, and Gaul (France)
16
Julius Caesar quotes: “I came, I saw, I conquered.”
“I’d rather be first in a small village than second in Rome.” “Cowards die many times before their actual deaths.”
17
Caesar’s Invasions
19
1. Amazingly popular, Caesar defeats rivals & becomes dictator for life, but jealous Senators stab him to death in 44 BC Julius Caesar Marcus Brutus
21
2. Roman republic plunged into civil war, won by Caesar’s adopted son, Augustus (Octavian)
Augustus defeats Mark Antony & Cleopatra at Actium
22
Augustus’ Enemies: Antony & Cleopatra
23
Augustus “I found Rome a city of bricks and left it a city of marble.”
24
Ancient Rome
25
Circus Maximus
26
The Pantheon
27
A few Greco-Roman gods & goddesses
Zeus Jupiter (king of the gods) Aphrodite Venus (goddess of beauty) Athena Minerva (goddess of wisdom) Ares Mars (god of war) Eros Cupid (god of love) Hades Pluto (lord of the underworld) Helios Apollo (sun god & god of music) Poseidon Neptune (sea god)
28
II. Rise of the Roman Empire
29
A. Augustus ends the republic by eliminating the power of the Senate, the Roman government now ruled by an Emperor (Emperors worshipped as one of the gods)
30
B. Romans continue expansion into Egypt, Greece, Palestine, and North Africa
31
C. 27 BC-180 AD a time of great prosperity known as the Pax Romana (Roman Peace)
32
Height of the Empire, AD 117
33
Coliseum
35
Gladiators Fight In The Colosseum
37
Chariot Races in the Circus Maximus
38
1. Romans set up an efficient administration, roads & aqueducts supplied all regions with food and water
39
Roman Roads
40
Roman Aqueducts
41
Public Bathhouse
42
2. Roman law codes became the basis of all modern law
43
III. Rise of Christianity
44
A. Life of Jesus- at age 30 began preaching message of love and forgiveness, attracted crowds, promised eternal life
45
1. Roman and Jewish leaders believed Jesus a threat to the traditional order, he’s crucified (followers believe he was the son of God & was resurrected 3 days later)
46
Roman Crucifixion
48
B. Early Christians persecuted, many died and became martyrs (one who dies for a cause or belief)
49
Early Christian Martyrs
50
1. Christianity slowly spreads, and by 391 AD, Christianity is the official religion of the Roman Empire Paul the Apostle Emperor Constantine
51
Early Christian Areas
52
IV. The fall of the Empire- internal corruption and external invasion combine to topple Rome
53
A. Internal- millions of poor drained resources, series of weak and unstable emperors & civil war
55
B. External- empire became too large to defend, couldn’t stop invasions from German barbarian tribes
56
1. Rome captured by German barbarian tribes in 476 AD, Western Europe broken into separate kingdoms ruled by German kings, Roman and German societies combine
57
The Roman Empire
58
The Roman Forum
59
C. Eastern portion of the Roman Empire continued to live on as the Byzantine Empire (500 AD AD)
60
D. Legacy- Romans the most powerful in the ancient world, continued Greek knowledge/ learning, society and culture is example to all future nations
61
On a ½ sheet of paper write your name and…..
*Two things you learned from 1.2 *One question you have about anything in 1.2
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.